Phonics Terms Flashcards
root word
a word to which prefixes and suffixes are added
consonant blend
2 or 3 consonants that blend together; all sounds are heard. Example: bl, dr.
inflectional ending
-s, -ed, -ing. They change how a word is used in a sentence, not the meaning.
long vowel
vowel that “says its name”; they can be spelled in more than one way.
phonemes
sounds
prefix
letters added to the beginning of a word that change its meaning
suffix
letters added to the end of a word that change its meaning
consonant digraph
2 consecutive consonants that represent one phoneme or sound (e.g. ch, sh, th, wh, ph)
morpheme
smallest unit of meaning
short vowel
vowel that does not say its name; usually represented by one letter
variant vowel
2 vowels that come together and make a sound that is neither long nor short
affixes
prefixes and suffixes
blending
putting phonemes together to form a word
segmenting
separating sounds in words
phonics
the study of sound/letter correspondences
phonemic awareness
the ability to hear, identify, and manipulate phonemes (sounds) in oral language
stop
sound that is made when air is constricted by an articulator and then explodes out in a burst of air (e.g. sounds made by p, b, d, t, k, g)
nasal
sound that is made when air comes out of the nose (e.g. sounds made by m, n)
fricative
sound made when air is partially obstructed by an articulator creating friction while air passes through a small opening (e.g. sounds made by f, v, th, s, z, sh, h)
affricative
sound made by a stop followed by a fricative (e.g sounds made by ch, j)
glide
sound made by no obstruction of air initially, immediately followed by a vowel (e.g sounds made by l, r)
liquid
sound made when the tongue creates a partial closure of the mouth (e.g. sounds made by y, w, wh)
orthographic mapping
a process that we use to permanently store words in long-term memory
