Phonics

Question 1

What is phonics?

Answer 1

a focus on words, their sounds and letters.

A method of teaching word recognition or decoding that emphasises the sound-symbol relationships that exist.

Teaching letter/sound relationships for the purpose of developing children’s ability to decode words when reading and to encode words when writing.

Question 2

What is explicit phonics instruction?

Answer 2

Sound-letter relationships are directly taught ( rather than discovered).

Not drill and memorisation.

Should be meaningful and attractive.

Demonstration and practise re the use of sound- letter knowledge to decode and to encode words.

Question 3

What does phonics include?

Answer 3

1. Phonological Awareness
2. Phonemic awareness
3. Alphabet Knowledge
4. The Alphabet Principle
5. Graphophonic Knowledge
6. Decoding and encoding words

Overtime children need to develop automatic use of skills to decode and encode words.
K / PP: laying the foundations

Question 4

What is systematic phonics instruction

Answer 4

The teaching of predetermined set of sound - letter relationships in a clearly defined incremental sequence.

The use of a logical sequence so that those phonics elements that are easier to learn are introduced before those that are harder to learn.

All elements being eventually dealt with.

Question 5

What are some approaches to teaching phonics?

Answer 5

Analogy approach
Analytic approach
Embedded phonics approach
Synthetic approach
Phonics through spelling
Hybrid approaches

Question 6

Explain the Analogy approach to teaching phonics

Answer 6

The analogy approach is all about getting children to see patterns in words, or word families.

Question 7

Explain the Analytic approach to teaching phonics

Answer 7

Analyse words they have already recognised in order to investigate or discover letter-sound relationships. Occurs during reading books and is essentially a whole-to-parts approach.

Question 8

Explain the Embedded phonics approach

Answer 8

Taught within the contexts of reading. Use context cues such as semantic cues and syntactic cues alongside the graphophonic information.

Question 9

Explain the Synthetic approach to teaching phonics

Answer 9

Explicitly teaching how sounds are represented by letters. It is a parts-to-whole approach teaching how to sound out words.

Question 10

Explain the phonics through Spelling approach

Answer 10

Children segment the word they wish to spell and then use an appropriate grapheme to represent each sound. - particularly through invented spelling.

Question 11

Explain the hybrid approach to teaching phonics

Answer 11

A combination of hybrid of above approaches.