Phonics Flashcards
Phonics
relationship between phonology and orthography.
Phonology
sounds in speech
Orthography
written language/ spelling system of language
Grapheme
a letter or combination of letters that represents a phoneme.
Ex: ou, a, th
Phoneme
the basic sound unit of speech
/b/ /ch/ /sh/
Affix
describes both prefixes and suffixes
ex: dis-, un-, -ful
Suffix
affixes that occur at end of word
ex: -ful, -able
Prefix
at beginning of word
ex: re-, un-
Consonants
phonemes where the air flow is cut off partially or completely
ex: b, c, d, f, g, h, j, k, l, m, n, p, q, r, s, t, v, w, x, y, z
Consonant Blends
2 or 3 consonants blended together/ each consonant sound is heard
ex: still, lift, bend, jump, strap
Consonant digraphs
2 consonants make 1 sound together
ex: CHip, SHirt, THat, WHere, PHone
Vowels
Phonemes in which the air flows through the mouth unobstructed
ex: aeiou
Short vowels
CVC (consonant vowel consonant) pattern
ex: bad, bed, bid, bud
Long vowels
the vowel says its name
ex: make, feet, bike
Vowel digraphs
2 vowels represent single sound
ex: bread, book, field
Vowel dipthongs
2 vowels where you glide from one to other
ex: oi, oy, ou, ow, ew
R-controlled vowels
bossy “r”
ex: award, horse, squirt, stairs
L-controlled vowels
vowel sound following ‘L’ may be distorted or influenced by ‘L’
ex: all, full
Schwa
the vowel sound of any unaccented syllable in English
ex: About, compEtition, imItation
Blending
combining sounds in order to decode
ex: /b/ /e/ /s/ /t/
Phonograms
a letter or group of letters that represent a sound
ex: ack, ail, ank, at
(also called rime)
Word families
group of words that share same rime
ex: Jack, pack, sack, lack
Onsets
consonant sound that precedes vowel in syllable
ex: Cat, TReat, FanTasTic
Rimes
the vowel sound and any consonants that follow it in a syllable
ex: cAT, trEAT, fANtAStIC
