Phonetics

Question 1

vowel

Answer 1

samogloska

Question 2

consonant

Answer 2

spolgloska

Question 3

schwa

Answer 3

najczesciej wystepujaca w jezyku angielskim samogloska, dzwiek miedzy polskim ‘y’y i ‘e’

Question 4

trachea

Answer 4

tchawica

Question 5

larynx

Answer 5

krtan

Question 6

vocal folds

Answer 6

struny glosowe

Question 7

glottis

Answer 7

glosnia

Question 8

labial

Answer 8

wargowy

Question 9

alveolar

Answer 9

dziaslowy

Question 10

alveolar ridge

Answer 10

wal dziaslowy

Question 11

velum

Answer 11

podniebienie

Question 12

velar

Answer 12

podniebieniowy

Question 13

plosives

Answer 13

spogloska zwarto-wybuchowa

Question 14

fricatives

Answer 14

gloska szczelionowa

Question 15

sibilant

Answer 15

swiszczacy

Question 16

phone

Answer 16

• a speech sound

* represented with phonetic symbols

Question 17

ARPAbet

Answer 17

• phonetic alphabet
• designed for american english
• example of a phone in ARPAbet:
  [p] - beginning of puma, middle of leopard, end of antelope

Question 18

mapping letter - phone

Answer 18

• single letter represents different sounds in different context
• english ‘c’:
  
  • [k] in “cougar”
  • [s] in “cell”

Question 19

mapping phone-letter

Answer 19

[k]

• part of ‘x’ in fox [f aa k s]
• ‘cc’ in raccon [r ae k uw n]

Question 20

voiced sounds

Answer 20

• vocal cords together and vibrating
• examples:
  [b], [d], [g], [v], [z], vowels

Question 21

unvoiced sounds

Answer 21

• without vibration
• examples
  [p], [t], [k], [f], [s]

Question 22

vocal tract

Answer 22

• area above trachea (tchawica)
• consists of:
  
  • nasal tract
  • oral tract

Question 23

nasal sounds

Answer 23

• made by air passing through both nasal and oral tractts

- [m], [n], [g]

Question 24

Consonants

Answer 24

• restircting and blocking the airflow

Question 25

Vovels

Answer 25

• less obstruction
• always voiced
• longer

Question 26

Consonants - place of articulation

Answer 26

• point of maxium restircion of airflow

Question 27

Consonants - place of articulation - labial

Answer 27

• restriction made by two lips coming together

- [p], [b], [m]

Question 28

Consonants - place of articulation - labiodental

Answer 28

• pressing lower lip aganst upper teeth

- [v], [f]

Question 29

Consonants - place of articulation - alveolar (dziaslowy)

Answer 29

• tongue against alveolar

- [s], [z], [t], [d]

Question 30

Consonants - place of articulation - polatal (miekki)

Answer 30

[sh], [ch], [zh, [ih]

Question 31

Consonants - place of articulation - velar (podniebieniowy)

Answer 31

[k], [g], [ng]

Question 32

Consonants - place of articulation - glottal (krtaniowy)

Answer 32

[q]

Question 33

Consonants - manner of articulation

Answer 33

how is restriction, complete or partial

Question 34

Consonants - manner of articulation - stop

Answer 34

• airflow completly blocked and hen suddenly released
• voiced: [b], [d], [g]
• unvoiced: [p], [t], [k]

Question 35

Consonants - manner of articulation - nasal

Answer 35

• lowering velum(podniebienie)

- [n], [m], [ng]

Question 36

Consonants - manner of articulation - fricatives (szczelinowe)

Answer 36

• constricted but not stopped
• hissing sound
• higher pitched are cakked sybillants: [s], [z], [sh], [zh]
• other: [f], [v], [th], [dg]

Question 37

Consonants - manner of articulation - approximants (plynne)

Answer 37

• articulators close together but not causing vibrations

- [w], [w], [r], [l]

Question 38

Consonants - manner of articulation - tap

Answer 38

• quick motion of tongue against alevolar ridge

- [dx] “lotus”