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Speech Foundations > Phonetics > Flashcards

Phonetics Flashcards

1
Q

P

A

P: bilabial M: plosive V: Voiceless

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2
Q

B

A

P: bilabial M: plosive V: voiced

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3
Q

M

A

P: bilabial M: nasal V: voiced

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4
Q

W

A

P: velar M: glide V: voiced

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5
Q

F

A

P: labiodental M: fricative V: voiceless

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6
Q

V

A

P: labiodental M: fricative V: voiced

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7
Q

θ

A

P: interdental M: fricative V: voiceless

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8
Q

ð

A

P: interdental M: fricative V: voiced

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9
Q

T

A

P: alveolar M: stop V: voiceless

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10
Q

D

A

P: alveolar M: stop V: voiced

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11
Q

N

A

P: alveolar M: nasal V: voiced

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12
Q

S

A

P: alveolar M: fricative V: voiceless

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13
Q

Z

A

P: alveolar M: fricative V: voiced

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14
Q

R

A

P: palatal M: liquid V: voiced

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15
Q

L

A

P: alveolar M: liquid V: voiced

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16
Q

ʃ

A

P: palatal M: fricative V: voiceless

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17
Q

tʃ

A

P: palatal M: affricate V: voiceless

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18
Q

ʒ

A

P: palatal M: fricative V: voiced

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19
Q

dʒ

A

P: palatal M: affricate V: voiced

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20
Q

j

A

P: palatal M: glide V: voiced

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21
Q

K

A

P: velar M: stop V: voiceless

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22
Q

g

A

P: velar M: stop V: voiced

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23
Q

ŋ

A

P: velar M: nasal V: voiced

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24
Q

h

A

P: glottal M: fricative V: voiceless

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25
Q

Dentalization

A

change in place of articulation, resembles a tooth

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26
Q

Palatalization

A

change in place of articulation, /j/ is a palatal sound

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27
Q

Velarization

A

change in place of articulation, resembles a V for velar

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28
Q

Lateralization

A

change in place of articulation, appears to have a snake wrapped around an /l/

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29
Q

Partial Devoicing

A

change in voice, (o) it looks like a degree sign “ To a degree they’re devoicing”

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30
Q

Partial Voicing

A

lowercase “v” for voiced

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31
Q

Labialization

A

“w” begins with lip rounding

32
Q

Nonlabialization

A

smiling arrows

33
Q

Aspirated

A

“Stahhhhp it, Ron”

34
Q

Unaspirated Stop

A

no audible release, it looks like a cap so there’s a cap on that sound so you can’t hear it

35
Q

Syllabic

A

resembles a pimp cane

36
Q

Alveolar Flap

A

it look like a flag pole

37
Q

Glottal Stop

A

it almost looks like a G but the the STOP’s too soon

38
Q

Raised tongue

A

vowels, horizontal line shows where vowel should be, vertical line shows where it is

39
Q

Lowered Tongue

A

vowels, horizontal line shows where vowel should be, vertical line shows where it is

40
Q

Advanced tongue

A

vowels, opposite of raised and lowered, vertical line shows where vowel should be, horizontal line shows where it is

41
Q

Retracted Tongue

A

vowels, opposite of raised and lowered, vertical line shows where vowel should be, horizontal line shows where it is

42
Q

Nasalized Vowel

A

resonance, imagine air waves flowing out through the nose

43
Q

Primary Stress

A

suprasegmental, ‘ Primary wears the hat

44
Q

Secondary Stress

A

, Secondary wears a shoe

45
Q

Lengthening

A

think of a vertical ellipsis, you’re waiting for them to stop the sound

46
Q

Shortening

A

greater than symbol under the sound >

47
Q

Syllable Boundaries

A

jump over the stone (period) to next syllable

48
Q

/u/

A

used in the word “true”

49
Q

Weak Syllable Deletion

A

when the weak syllable of a word is deleted, banana-nana, giraffe-raffe, mastered at age 4

50
Q

Reduplication

A

The syllable of a target word is repeated which creates a multi-syllabic word form. when a complete or incomplete syllable is repeated, messy-meme, bottle-baba mastered at age 3

51
Q

Final Consonant Deletion

A

when a voiced consonant at the end of a word is substituted with a voiceless, bus-bu, pig-pic mastered at age 3

52
Q

Cluster Reduction

A

When a consonant cluster is reduced to a single consonant, plane-pane, please-peas, mastered by 5

53
Q

Coalescence

A

When 2 phonemes are substituted with a different phoneme that still has similar features, spoon-foon,

54
Q

Epenthesis

A

When a sound is added between 2 consonants, typically the ‘uh” sound. blue-bu.lue mastered by 8

55
Q

Diminutization

A

A “ee” and sometimes a consonant + to a target dog-doggy

56
Q

Migration

A

ski-kis

57
Q

Metathesis

A

Spaghetti-pseghetti

58
Q

Valar Fronting

A

Velar sound substituted with alveolar sounds mastered at 3.5 years

59
Q

Palatal Fronting

A

A palatal sound (k, g) is replaced with an alveolar sound (t, d ,s) EX: shoe-su, mastered at 3.5 years

60
Q

Stopping of Fricative

A

A fricative (s, z, f, v, Th’s, h, sh, and zh as in measure) is replaced with a stop (b, p, d, t, g, k)

61
Q

Stopping of Affricates

A

An affricate (dʒ, tʃ )is substituted with a stop (b, p, d, t, g, k) mastered by 5 years

62
Q

Deaffrication

A

When an affricate (ch, dz as in judge) is replaced with a fricative (s, z, f, v, Th’s, h, sh, zh in measure) or stop (b, p, d, t, g, k) mastered by age 4, chips-ships

63
Q

Gliding

A

A liquid sound (r, l) is replaced with a glide sound (w, y)

64
Q

Cluster Simplification (reduction)

A

Some or all parts of a cluster are deleted or substituted can total or partial cream-cweam

65
Q

Fricative Simplification

A

thumb-fumb

66
Q

Alveolarization (Alveolar Assimilation)

A

When a non-alveolar sound is changed with a alveolar sound ( t, d, n, l, s, z) can be total or partial. Mastered at 5 years, tot for top, Tod for top

67
Q

Vocalization

A

A a syllabic liquid is replaced with a vowel. This is also referred to as a vowelization EX: apple-apu

68
Q

Labialization/ Labial Assimilation

A

A sound is changed to a labial sound (b, p, m, w) because of another labial sound in a word, can be total or partial. Mastered by age 6, sun-fun, tie-pie

69
Q

Stopping of Liquids

A

Changing of a liquid (w, l) for a stop (p, b, d, t, g, k) lamb-damb

70
Q

Backing

A

an alveolar sound (t, d, s, z, n, l ) is replaced with a velar (k, g, ng, w) or palatal sound (sh, dg, ch, j, r)

71
Q

Depalatization

A

a palliative fricative (sh and zh as in measure) is replaced with an alveolar fricative (s, z)

72
Q

final consonant deletion

A

A consonant or consonant cluster is left off the end of a word, Can happen on words that end with a vowel or consonant, ma for mom, boo for books

73
Q

Initial consonant deletion

A

the first single consonant or consonant cluster at the beginning of a word is not said, own for phone, indo for window

74
Q

Velar Assimilation

A

a non-velar sound is changed to a velar (k, g, ng) sound. kuck for cup, cug for cup

75
Q

Nasal assimilation

A

non-nasal sound is changed to a nasal because of another nasal sound in the word, mom for mop, mon for mop

76
Q

Prevocalic Voicing

A

voiceless sound that comes before a vowel is changed to a voiced sound

77
Q

Postvocalic Voicing

A

a voiced stop, fricative, or affricate that follows a vowel is changed to a voiceless sound

Speech Foundations (2 decks)

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