Phonetics (1) Slides -Production of Sounds (Consonants)

Question 1

What are consonants in terms of production of sounds

Answer 1

Sounds produced by complete or partial closure

Question 2

What is “voicing”, and what does it consist of?

Answer 2

PLACE OF ARTICULATION
-Airflow is modified by articulators at specific places in the vocal tract

MANNER OF ARTICULATION
-Articulators can be configured to produce sound in different ways

Question 3

What are the consonant “places”? (Get picture and point out, total of 8)

Answer 3

1. Lips (labial)
   - Bilabial
   - Labiodental
2. Teeth (dental)
   - Interdental
3. Alveolar Ridge
   - Alveolar
4. Palate
   - Postalveolar
   - Palatal
5. Velum (Soft Palate)
   - Velar
6. Urvula
   - Uvular
7. Pharynx
   - Phayngeal
8. Glottis
   - Glottal

Question 4

What are the “manners”?

Answer 4

1. Stops/Plosives
2. Nasals
3. Tap
4. Fricatives
5. Affricates
6. Approximants
   - Laterals
   - Rhotics
   - Glides

Question 5

What is the stops/plosives manner?

Answer 5

A complete closure (stop) occurs in the oral cavity or glottis; air pressure builds up behind the closure and released in a burst

English stops:

• Bilabial [p,b]
• Alveolar [t,d]
• Velar [k,g]
• Glottal

ex. “uh-uh”, “bottle”, “mountain”

Question 6

What is the nasals/nasal plosives manner?

Answer 6

Closure in the oral cavity but velopharyngeal port between pharynx and nasal cavity is opened; air flows though nose

English nasals:

• Bilabial [m]
• Alveolar [n]
• Velar
• Glottal nasal is IMPOSSIBLE because the closure in the glottis stops air from reaching the nasal cavity