Phlebotomy Test Flashcards
List the 5 steps for hand washing if contaminated with blood.
- Wash with liquid antimicrobial soap.
- Rinse with running water.
- Apply 50% isopropyl or ethyl alcohol.
- Leave solution on for at least 1 min.
- Rewash and rerinse.
Glucose is a measure of __________ __________ in your blood.
sugar levels
IRON is necessary for the formation of __________.
hemoglobin
The __________ is the single most ordered blood test.
CBC
Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) and High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) are blood components that carry __________ throughout the body.
cholesterol
MCV stands for __________ __________ __________ and indicates the cell __________.
mean cell volume, size
List two characteristics of capillaries:
- Exchange vessels
2. Microscopic vessels
The major veins for venipuncture are located in the __________ __________.
anticubital fossa
Name the main veins in the antecubital fossa and give their location:
- Median cubital
- Cephalic
- Basilic
Leg, ankle, and foot veins should be used for venipuncture when no other sites are available and with ____________________.
permission of the patient’s physician
The most common antiseptic used for routine blood collection is ____________________.
70% isopropyl
A tourniquet is applied to the patients arm to act as a __________ against blood flow.
barrier
The __________ the number of needle gauge, the __________ the diameter.
larger, smaller
__________ gauge is the needle gauge of choice and the most common gauge for venipuncture.
21
Evacuated tubes fill automatically because of the __________ in the tube.
vacuum
Palpating will help you determine the __________, __________, and __________ of the vein. An artery will have a __________.
size, direction, depth, pulse
Never leave the tourniquet on for more than __ to __ minutes.
1, 2
Inverting each tube with an additive will help prevent __________ of the cells.
clumping
Always remove the __________ before removing the needle from the patients arm.
tourniquet
What is the buffy coat?
The thin layer of WBC’s and platelets which forms between the plasma and the RBC’s when blood is allowed to separate or it is centrifuged.
RBC’s are formed in the __________ __________ and stored in the __________.
bone marrow, spleen
What is the primary function of WBC’s?
As part of the body’s defense system.
What is the primary function of thrombocytes/platelets?
To stop bleeding.
What are the three correct ways of identifying a patient?
- Ask patient to state their full name
- Check identification bracelet / verify by nurse
- Patient should show a form of identification
What are the four things that each specimen should be labeled with?
- Patient’s full name
- Time
- Date
- Phlebotomist initials
What should you do if the patient refuses to have their blood taken?
- Remind patient that the doctor ordered the test as part of their care
- Inform the nurse in charge
- Right to refuse
- Document
Define transfixation:
The act of piercing through an object with a pointed instrument (going completely through the vein).
List the BD Vacutainer Order of Draw closure color and collection tube:
- yellow - Blood cultures
- light blue - Citrate Tube
- gold or red-gray marble - BD Vacutainer SST Gel Separator Tube
- red - Serum Tube
- orange - BD Vacutainer Rapid Serum Tube
- light green or light green-gray marble - BD Vacutainer PST Gel Separator with Heparin
- green - Heparin Tube
- lavender or pink - EDTA Tube
- white - BD Vacutainer PPT Separator Tube K2EDTA with gel
- gray - Fluoride (glucose) Tube
What position should a patient who has a tendency to faint be placed in while performing any blood collection procedure?
laying down (supine)
What is the concern with a patient with petechiae?
Venipuncture site may bleed excessively.
A hematoma is caused by the leakage of __________ into the tissue from a __________.
blood, vein
What is the recommendation if a patient should develop a hematoma?
- Apply pressure
- Apply ice pack
- Apply moist warm pack for 20 mins. TID.
List the possible causes of hemoconcentraion?
- Prolonged tourniquet time
- Massaging
- Squeezing
- Probing a site
- Pumping the first and long term IV therapy
What is hemolysis?
Rupture of RBC’s
Why should burned or scarred areas be avoided when choosing a site for a blood draw?
Burned areas are very sensitive and susceptible to infection. Scarred areas are difficult to palpate.
What caution should be taken when pulling back on the plunger of the syringe and why?
Don’t pull too quickly it might collapse the vein.
What is the concern if the patient is dehydrated?
Their blood volume is lowered and therefore their veins shrink in size and become difficult to locate.
List the seven requirements for a quality specimen.
- Patient is prepared properly and drug interference is avoided.
- Correct specimens are collected from the correct patients with labels.
- Correct anticoagulants are used with sufficient amount.
- Specimens are not hemolyzed.
- Fasting samples are collected in a timely manner.
- Timed specimens are correctly timed and documented.
- Specimens are transported to the lab in a timely fashion.
A phlebotomist may attempt to obtain blood from a patient: A. Once B. Twice C. Three times D. As many times as it takes
B. Twice
What is the order of patient priorities?
- STAT
- Timed
- Fasting
- Routine
A blood culture is used to detect __________.
septicemia
GTT samples should be drawn at what intervals?
- 30 mins
- 1 hr.
- 2 hrs.
- 3 hrs.
- Possibly more
What is the single most critical procedure when performing a crossmatch?
Make sure you have the right patient and the correctly labeled tubes.
The purpose of the bleeding time is to detect __________ __________ __________.
platelet function disorders
Once you have cleaned the arm with alcohol, you must again clean with the arm with __________ when doing a blood culture.
betadine
The tube for cold agglutinins must be place in an __________ to prewarm.
37 degree C incubator
A prenatal screen is ordered to determine __________ and __________ to see whether the blood is Rh __________ or Rh __________.
type, Rh, negative, positive
The incision for a bleeding time is performed __________ below and __________ to the __________ __________.
5cm, parallel, antecubital crease
A platelet is actually parts of a large cell called a __________.
megakaryocyte
A normal healthy person will have __ ________ in the blood.
no bacteria
Name five (5) positive language signs:
- Smiling
- Eye contact / Eye level
- Good grooming
- Face to face
- Zone of comfort
Name three (3) negative language signs:
- Eye rolling
- Nervous Behaviors
- Deeps sighs
The patient has the right to __________ medical treatment.
refuse
Requests for test and results are strictly __________.
confidential
