phlebotomy final review Flashcards
what are the 3 veins?
median cubital, cephalic, basilic
what are the veins on the hands called?
dorsal metacarpals
what are Pt concerns with blood draws?
pain, scarring and catching disease
what device measures glucose?
glucometer
what blood draw technique is used on fragile veins?
butterfly
what is needle and syringe used for?
it is used for people with fragile veins and can control the pressure put on the vessel
what device measures hemoglobin?
hemoglobinometer
what is needed to perform a blood smear?
spreader slide
what is the liquid portion of the blood?
plasma
what is the liquid portion of the blood after clotting factors have been removed?
serum
what are 3 causes of anemia?
abnormally shaped RBCs, lack of intrinsic factor affecting b12 absorption, iron deficiency
what measures packed cell volume?
hematocrit
what is done to ensure the integrity of a blood sample?
refrigeration
what leukocytes will be elevated indicating allergic reaction?
eosinophils
which additive is in the light blue tube?
sodium citrate
what is purpose of having a control sample?
to ensure accuracy
what test is done to a diabetic pt to check the glucose over a span of months?
HgbA1C
what does QNS mean?
quantity not sufficient
what happened to physician labs as a result of CLIA 1988?
labs shutdown because they could not keep up with the costs of new regulations
what part of a blood smear is used to check WBC diff?
feathered edge
which blood collection system is completely undisturbed?
butterfly
which test is done to check for HIV?
western blot
what kind of sample is a CBC run on?
whole blood sample
which color tube is used for CBC?
Lavender
what is the hereditary disease with impaired blood clotting?
hemophilia
what strip is used to measure blood glucose?
reagent strip
What does ESR check for?
systemic infection. arthritic conditions
what is it called when you draw blood from a vein?
phlebotomy
WBC, RBC and PLT are called what?
formed elements
what are standard precautions?
eye protection, face masks
what test is not part of a CBC?
PT
what is the normal fasting blood glucose?
70-99
what is the normal potassium?
3.5-5.1
what is not a rapid serology test?
HDL (cholesterol)
what tests can be waived in the POL?
hemoglobin and glucose
what are the four functions of blood?
carry oxygen, maintain body h2o balance, carry carbon dioxide and other wastes away, regulate body temp
what is hemolysis?
the rupture of red blood cells
what do you do to a sample after centrifuging?
put in the lab fridge
what color tube is a GTT done in?
Gray tube
what is an erythrocyte?
red blood cell
what color tube is used for hematocrit?
lavender
what test measures the O2 carrying capacity of blood?
arterial blood gas
plasma is what percent of blood?
55 percent
how long do RBCs live for?
4 months (120 days)
what is it called when blood coagulates on a vessel wall?
thrombus
what is the universal blood donor?
type O
what additive is in the lavender tube?
EDTA
what hormone is used to detect pregnancy?
HCG
what is the preferred area for a blood draw?
antecubital fossa
T/F: Red tubes are centriguged?
FALSE: red tubes contain no additives and are not centrifuged
what is the longest you can leave blood out?
30 mins-1 hr
what is in the buffy coat?
WBC and Platelets
what protein is in plasma?
fibrinogen
what is used to constrict blood flow and make the veins more prominent?
tourniquet
what are the four collection systems?
ETS, Butterfly, needle and syringe, capillary puncture
what does a red line on a tube mean?
contains an anticoagulant
what do you do if a tube has an additive?
mix the tube to prevent microclot formation
what do you do if a hematoma begins to form during a blood draw?
release the tourniquet
what blood type is the universal recipient?
Type AB
what test is done to monitor Coagulation time?
Prothrombin time
how long does it take for blood to clot?
11-13 seconds
what is destruction of Red blood cells?
hemolytic
what are platelets called?
thrombocytes
blood is 90 percent what?
water
what are the 5 Leukocytes?
lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, basophils and neutrophils
what is another name for the butterfly system?
winged infusion set
what do you not palpate with?
thumb
which fingers are used to measure Glucose?
great and ring finger
what is the order of draw?
yellow, light blue, marble/tiger top, red, green, lavender, gray
what causes serum to turn pink?
rupture of red blood cells (hemolysis)
what are the rapid screening tests?
HIV, H Pylori and Mono
what is morphology?
study of the shape or form of objects
where is a capillary puncture performed on infants?
the heel
what instrument helps visualize a vein?
venoscope
what is hemophilia?
disorder in which blood does not coagulate
what is a hematoma?
swelling caused by blood under the skin
what does CBC include?
RBC count, WBC diff, Platelet Count and H&H
what is a lancet used for ?
Capillary puncture
what is a pipette?
calibrated glass tube for measuring fluids
who published the order of draw?
CLSI ( clinical and laboratory standards institute)
what is the moving portion of a blood clot called?
embolus
what is the formation of a blood clot called?
coagulation
what is hemostasis?
the stoppage of bleeding
what is leukocytosis?
abnormally high WBC count
what is leukopenia?
abnormally low WBC count
