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Phlebotomy? Flashcards

1
Q

What info should be included in the Laboratory Information System (LIS)?

A

Previous lab results

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2
Q

What should happen to specimens with missing labels?

A

They should be considered rejected, then recollected & labeled

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3
Q

What is the hemoglobin reference range?

A

12.5g/dL - 18.0g/dL

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4
Q

What specimen is needed for culture & sensitivity tests?

A

Midstream clean-catch specimen

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5
Q

What is one requirement of a 24hr urine collection?

A

The patient should start collecting at the 2nd void of the day

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6
Q

What should you use to clean the site when preparing for a blood culture procedure?

A

Swab with isopropyl alcohol, then with chlorhexidine gluconate

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7
Q

What specimen indicate the patient has eaten fatty foods?

A

Lipemic (cloudy appearance)

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8
Q

If a patient has IVs in both arms, what should the PBT do before collection?

A

The PBT should ask the nurse to turn them off for 2 mins

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9
Q

If a patient has received lithium, how long should the PBT wait before collecting a blood specimen for peak lvl results?

A

15-30 mins

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10
Q

Reference range for white blood cell point-of-care test

A

4.4 - 11/mm^3

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11
Q

When should external liquid controls be performed ?

A

When a new lot # or kit is opened

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12
Q

What color tube is used for erythrocyte sedimentation rate tests

A

Lavender

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13
Q

What is the order of removal for PPE?

A

Gloves
Goggles
Gown
Mask

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14
Q

What additive tube should be used for a series of tests on serum?

A

Thrombin (accelerates clotting)

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15
Q

What tubes are used for thyroid studies?

A

“Speckled” (T3, T4 & Thyroid-stimulating hormone)

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16
Q

What error can result in a grossly hemolyzed specimen?

A

Using incorrect needle gauge

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17
Q

Where are dorsal veins?

A

Back of the hand

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18
Q

What tests apply to chain of custody guidelines?

A

Drug screenings
Forensic studies
Blood alcohol tests
Paternity testing

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19
Q

Temperature range of urine specimens

A

32° - 38°C (90° - 100°F)

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20
Q

What should a PBT always do when entering the room of a patient?

A

Introduce themselves by name & department

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21
Q

What does SD stand for?

A

Standard deviation

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22
Q

What should a patient use to clean her urinary meatus before a clean-catch?

A

Mild antiseptic soap

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23
Q

What additives help determine sodium lvls?

A

Heparin additives

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24
Q

What should be checked on the requisition form BEFORE venipuncture?

A

Duplicate test orders
Discrepancies
Missing info

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25
Using povidone - iodine in a specimen can cause…?
False elevation of potassium
26
If a PBT is affected by a chemical splash, what should they do?
Rinse the affected area for a MINIMUM of 15 mins
27
Total cholesterol reference range
140 - 200mg/dL
28
What should a PBT do when receiving critical range results?
Report to provider
29
Cutaneous diphtheria
Infection of the skin
30
What tube should be filled 1st for blood assay
Yellow topped tube
31
Blood assay
A test that analyzes blood samples to determine the amount of certain substances in the blood or count different blood cell types
32
What temperature should semen samples be stored & transported at?
37°C (98.6°F aka: Body temp)
33
What should be used to obtain bilirubin lvls from newborns?
An amber colored microcontainer
34
When should PBTs collect newborn screening cards?
Within 72hrs of birth
35
How should specimens be transported?
In a lockable container to avoid spilling during transportation
36
After receiving a needlestick injury, what should the PBT do?
Decontaminate the site by washing it with soap & water for 30 secs
37
What is part of the post-examination phase of the CLSU clinical laboratory workflow pathway?
Entering critical lab data
38
What should a PBT always do after cleaning the site? Why?
Allow it to air dry, otherwise there is not enough time for the antiseptic to take action & causes unnecessary discomfort for the patient
39
According to standard precautions, how should the PBT transport specimens in hot weather?
In an enclosed container with ice packs & a biohazard label
40
PBTs should deliver semen specimens to the lab within…?
2hrs
41
A PBT should document the total blood volume drawn to help determine if it exceeds the recommended allowance of…?
1% - 5% within 24hrs & 10% over an 8 week period for pediatric or critically ill patients
42
What tubes come 1st when collecting for multiple blood assays?
Light blue (sodium citrate tubes)
43
What PPE is required for pneumonia patients?
Mask Gloves
44
If a patient is receiving vancomycin, what should the PBT do?
Ask the attending nurse if the dose is accurate prior to collection
45
If a patient has IVs, where should the PBT draw?
Below turned off IVs or from dorsal veins (if available)
46
Fasting blood glucose reference range?
70 - 110mg/dL
47
Blood glucose reference range?
70 - 126mg/dL
48
What should PBTs use to disinfect items contaminated by blood?
1:10 dilution of sodium hypochlorite or chlorine bleach with water
49
What specimens should be placed in an ice bath within 30 minutes after collection?
ABG (arterial blood gas)
50
How much blood can be collected from a newborn that weighs 3kg?
3mL Kg • 100: mL (total blood volume) mL(TBV) •.01: 3mL (max allowable amount)
51
Why is the order of draw different for capillary collections?
Because there is an increased rate of coagulation due to thromboplastin releasing when skin is punctured causing blood to clot quicker
52
When performing a blood smear, where should the blood be placed?
One half inch from the edge
53
If a patient suddenly reports “feeling faint” during a procedure, what should the PBT do?
Remove needle & tourniquet Have the patient put their head between their legs to prevent syncope
54
What is the cause of using too much blood on a test strip?
Inaccurately high glucose lvl readings
55
PBTs are at the greatest risk of infection from exposure to… ?
HBV 6% - 30%
56
What type of urine specimens are required for pregnancy tests?
First - void urine specimens
57
What info is required on the requisition for outpatient blood collection?
Patient’s billing info & test status
58
How can a PBT lower test results for cholesterol tests?
Having the patient sit or lie down before
59
How can a PBT avoid hemolysis?
Ensure the alcohol has dried
60
Troponin T lvl reference range?
0 - 0.2ng/mL
61
If the veins are inaccessible due to IVs, scarring, or burns, what should PBTs do?
Collect a capillary specimen
62
What happens when a SST is centrifuged?
Thixotropic gel changes viscosity & moves between the serum & cells
63
A PBT is collecting blood into tubes when the 2nd tube slows & doesn’t fill completely, what should the PBT do?
Insert a new one & see if it fills
64
What color signifies a health hazard in the NFPA 704 marking system?
Blue
65
What fire involves electrical equipment (appliances, wiring & electronics) ?
Class C
66
For a patient in shock, the PBT should identify that first aid includes…?
Calling for help Maintaining open airway Controlling bleeding Keeping the patient warm
67
What are winged infusion sets for?
Small, rolling veins
68
What PPE is needed for HIV positive patients?
Gloves
69
What additive is used for chromosome analysis?
Heparin
70
What is used when a PTT or other coagulation test is ordered?
A syringe is transferred to a light blue tube
71
If test results yield critical values, what should the PBT do?
Contact the patient’s provider
72
When a PBT introduces themselves & explains the procedure, what type of comfort zone is being demonstrated?
Personal comfort zone
73
What temperature should blood specimens be stored?
2 - 8°C (35.6° - 46.4°F)
74
Where should a PBT NEVER draw from?
The inside of the wrist
75
What is the max amount of blood that can be collected in a 1 month period from a child who weighs 15.9kg (35lbs)?
100mL or less
76
What are the requirements for a patient to be eligible to donate blood?
At least 17 y/o Weigh at least 110lbs 38% or higher hematocrit lvl
77
Where should neonatal screening cards be placed?
On a flat, dry surface away from heat or sunlight for 4hrs
78
What does STAT mean?
Immediately
79
What is a sign of critically low glucose lvls?
Rapid heartbeat
80
What temperature should cryoglobulin specimens be transported?
37°C (98.6°F)
81
What analytes should be protected from light?
Bilirubin Vitamins Carotene Folate
82
What analytes should be kept cold (ice slurry)?
Ammonia Gastrin Lactate/lactic acid PH
83
What analytes should be kept at body temperature?
Cold agglutinins Cryoglobulin Cryofibrinogen
84
What illnesses require droplet precautions? (At least 3)
Rubella Meningitis Diphtheria Mumps Pertussis (whooping cough) Influenza Strep
85
What PPE is required for droplet precautions?
Mask for patient & PBT
86
What illnesses require contact precautions? (At least 3)
Diphtheria Herpes simplex Scabies Hepatitis A Respiratory syncytial virus Wound & skin infections Methicillin - resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) Vancomycin - resistant enterococci (VRE) Clostridium difficile (C.diff)
87
What PPE is required for contact precautions?
Gloves & gown
88
What illnesses require airborne precautions?
Varicella (chickenpox) Tuberculosis Rubeola (measles)
89
What PPE is required for airborne precautions?
Mask, N95 or N99 respirator Patients should also wear a mask
90
What is the syringe method for?
Patients who have fragile veins that are easy to collapse

Phlebotomy (1 decks)

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