PHLEBOTOMY Flashcards
PROCEDURE OF DRAWING BLOOD
- Prepare and identify the patient
- Perform hand hygiene and put gloves
- Check the requisition form for the requested tests
- Select a suitable site for venipuncture
- Prepare the equipment
- Disinfect the puncture site
- Perform venipuncture: follow the order of draw
- Recognize complications
- Assess the need for sample recollection and/or rejection
- Label the tube with patient name, date of birth, and date of collection
- Write the initial of the phlebotomist on the request form and time of collection
- Transport specimen(s) and request(s) on designated section
ORDER OF DRAW
1ST - YELLOW TAP
Blood cultures are used in microbiology. The additive it uses is a broth mixture that is intended to preserve the quality of microorganisms.
2ND LIGHT BLUE
Coagulation tubes have light-blue stopper and a sodium citrate additive. It is used for coagulation tests, requiring full draw.
3RD - RED GLASS
This is commonly used for routine venipuncture and does not require any additive. Glass red top with no additive.
4TH RED PLASTIC
Tubes with plastic red stoppers contain a clot activator. It causes blood clots and help in separating the serum by centrifugation. This process is often used in blood bank (cross-match), chemistry, immunology, and serology.
5TH ORANGE
Serum separator tube (SST) does not have any additive, but a clot activator that will separate blood from the serum by centrifugation. This draw is used in chemistry, immunology, and serology.
6TH GREEN
Tubes with green tops have lithium heparin anticoagulant and is commonly used in chemistry.
7TH EDTA
The EDTA anticoagulant in tubes with lavender or purple stopper helps remove calcium by forming calcium salts. This draw is often used in blood bank cross-matching and hematology.
8TH GRAY
Tubes with gray-colored stopper contain sodium fluoride or potassium oxalate additives, which acts as an Antiglycolytic agent that helps preserve glucose for up to five days.
OSHA
Occupational Saftey & Health Administration
How much blood can a person donate in a session?
500 mL
Patients have the right to what?
Under the Patient Bill Of Rights they always have the option to decline medical treatment and to know what tests are being performed on them.
What can you NOT give a patient?
Results or a diagnosis. Because you are not medically qualified to do so.
Negligence is?
Failure to give appropriate care. DON’T BE NEGLIGENT!
One of the most important practices is?
Hand Washing is one of the most important (and easiest) practices used to prevent transmission of bloodborne pathogens
Needles should never be
recapped
Sharps containers must be what?
puncture-resistent, leak proof on the sides and bottom and must be labeled or color-coded
In infection control WHO is the agent?
Person
In infection control WHAT is portal of exit?
Needle
Five main types or mode of transmission
contact - direct and indirect (fomite)
Droplet - Cold, Flu and sneezing
Airborne - viral - breath in
common vehicle - person, fomite and not handwashing
vector borne - illness that is transmitted through an invertebrate, such as an insect
How do you remove PPE equipment?
1st - Gloves
2nd - Gown
3rd - Shield
If patient has an I.V. where do you draw blood?
Downstream from the I.V.
