Phlebotomy Flashcards
Which of the following is the proper procedure when dealing with an elderly patient?
a. Address your questions to an attendant if the patient has a hearing problem.
b. Make certain to hold adequate pressure after the draw until bleeding stops.
c. Speak extra loud in order to be certain that the patient can hear you.
d. Tie the tourniquet extra tight to make the veins more prominent.
Make certain to hold adequate pressure after the draw until bleeding stops.
When selecting a dermal puncture device, the most critical consideration is the:
a. width of the incision
b. amount of blood needed
c. depth of the incision
d. Tests requested
depth of the incision
All of the following are technical errors that affect the quality of an ABG sample EXCEPT:
a. excess anticoagulant
b. too little anticoagulant
c. removing air bubbles from the syringe
d. obtaining dark red blood
removing air bubbles from the syringe
Failure to puncture across the fingerprint will cause:
a. blood to run down the finger
b. hemolysis
c. contamination of the sample
d. additional patient discomfort
blood to run down the finger
Failure to exercise “due care” is:
a. assault and battery.
b. invasion of privacy.
c. negligence.
d. res ipsa loquitur.
negligence
Commonly measured ABG parameters include: I. pH II. CO2 saturation III. CO3 IV. PaO2 V. tHb
a. I, II, III
b. I, III, V
c. I and V
d. II and IV
I and V
Informed consent means that a:
a. nurse has the right to perform a procedure on a patient even if the patient refuses.
b. patient agrees to a procedure after being told of the consequences associated with it.
c. patient has the right to look at all his or her medical records and test results.
d. phlebotomist tells the patient what is ordered and the implications of the test results.
patient agrees to a procedure after being told of the consequences associated with it.
A negative Modified Allen Test indicates:
a. the ulnar artery can be punctured
b. the radial artery can be punctured
c. the radial artery cannot be punctured
d. no collateral circulation by the radial artery
the radial artery cannot be punctured
The source of an infectious agent is the ___________.
Reservoir
The needle is inserted into the vein:
bevel up at a 15- to 30-degree angle
Which of the following is the least hazardous area of an infant’s foot for capillary puncture?
a. Central area of the heel
b. Lateral plantar heel surface
c. Medial area of the arch
d. Posterior curvature of the heel
Lateral plantar heel surface
EDEMA is a swelling or mass of blood (often clotted) that can be caused by blood leaking from a blood vessel during or following venipuncture. HEMATOMA is swelling caused by the abnormal accumulation of fluid in the tissues.
Both statements are false.
STAT: collect at a specific time; NPO: Non per orem
Both statements are true.
Reference values of capillary and venous blood are the same. Uneven or incomplete saturation of filter paper circles because of layering from multi-drop application will yield an unacceptable sample for testing.
The first statement is false; the second statement is true.
Which of the following is an acceptable angle of needle insertion for radial ABGs?
- 10 degrees
- 45 degrees
- 20 degrees
- 90 degrees
45 degrees
In the event of a chemical spill or splash to the eyes or other body parts, the affected parts should be flushed with water for _______ minutes.
15 min
EDTA, sodium citrate, and potassium oxalate anticoagulants prevent blood clotting in blood collection tubes by
binding calcium
The single most important means of preventing the spread of infection is
proper hand antisepsis.
All of the following can be used to collect a serum specimen EXCEPT:
a. red stopper tube
b. PST
c. SST
d. orange stopper tube
PST
The primary antiseptic for routine venipuncture is:
isopropyl alcohol
You are in the process of collecting a specimen by venipuncture. You hear a hissing sound, there is a spurt of blood into the tube, and blood flow stops. What has most likely happened?
Tube vacuum escaped.
Older patients are more prone to hematoma formation because
their veins have decreased elasticity
Capillary puncture blood contains:
Arterial blood
Venous blood
Interstitial fluids
What is the best approach to use on an 8-yearold child who needs to have blood drawn?
Explain the draw in simple terms and ask for the child’s cooperation.
Which tube additive preserves glucose?
sodium fluoride
You are asked to collect a blood specimen from an inpatient. The patient is not wearing an ID band. What is the best thing to do?
Ask the patient’s nurse to put an ID band on the patient before you draw the specimen.
An inpatient is eating breakfast when you arrive to collect a fasting glucose. What is the best thing to do?
Consult with the patient’s nurse to see if the specimen should be collected.
Which of the following items is PPE?
Nonlatex gloves
Using evacuated tubes past their expiration date may result in:
- clotted samples
- incompletely filled tubes
- insecure gel barriers
Which of the following patient information is NOT included on an ABG requisition form?
pulse rate
The recommended disinfectant for blood and body fluid contamination is:
sodium hypochlorite
Before entering an isolation room, the first thing a phlebotomist should do is:
read the posted instructions
Samples are scheduled for collection at specific times for all of the following reasons EXCEPT:
a. measuring the body’s metabolism of the test substance
b. the substance exhibits diurnal variation
c. patients must be tested 2 hours before meals
d. to determine blood levels of medications prior to the next dose
patients must be tested 2 hours before meals
If a patient adamantly refuses to have blood drawn, you should:
notify the patient’s nurse or physician.
How long is the ideal steady state of the patient before the blood gas is obtained?
20-30 minutes
The primary reason for performing arterial puncture is to:
evaluate blood gases.
What are the components that build the chain of infection?
Infectious agent (pathogen) Reservoir (the normal location of the pathogen) Portal of exit from the reservoir. Mode of transmission. Portal of entry into a host. Susceptible host.
The following test orders for different patients have been received at the same time. Which test would you collect first?
STAT glucose in the ER
Which of the following situations can result in hemoconcentration?
Leaving the tourniquet on over 1 minute
Which of the following is an example of proxemics?
Zone of comfort
Samples for cold agglutinins must be:
kept warm
What is the needle gauge used in autologous blood donation, and therapeutic phlebotomy?
15-17 gauge
All of the following are barriers to verbal communication EXCEPT:
a. hand signals
b. hearing impairment
c. using medical jargon
d. non–English-speaking patient
hand signals
Which of the following would be most likely to allow reflux to occur during venipuncture?
Filling the tube stopper end-first
When the arm of the patient is swollen with excess fluids, the condition is called
edema
Which statement is true of syringe venipuncture?
a. A syringe is sometimes used for veins that collapse easily.
b. A syringe is recommended for drawing most blood specimens.
c. You must pull the plunger all the way back when you see the “flash.”
d. With a syringe, it is difficult tell when the needle is in the vein.
A syringe is sometimes used for veins that collapse easily.
______________ is the state mandated testing of newborns for the presence of certain disorders that can cause severe mental handicaps or other serious abnormalities if not detected and treated early.
Newborn screening
Samples that require chilling immediately after collection are placed in a:
a container of crushed ice and water
The acronym PASS should be followed:
when operating a fire extinguisher
According to CLSI, a heel puncture lancet should puncture no deeper than:
2.0 mm
A phlebotomist who is responding appropriately to cultural diversity will:
speak in the patient’s native language
The winged blood collection set is primarily used for:
difficult and hand veins
The temperature of the material used to warm the site for capillary puncture must not exceed 37°C. Povidone–iodine can be used to clean skin puncture sites.
Both statements are false.
After filling up with blood in a corresponding volume, EDTA tube must be inverted __________ times.
8-10
The following are significance of warming the site before skin puncture except:
a. increases blood flow
b. alter results of routinely tested analytes
c. helps in collecting specimen for CBG
d. Need for heelstick procedure
alter results of routinely tested analytes
Tiny red spots that appear on a patient’s arm when the tourniquet is applied are a sign that the:
patient is allergic to latex.
Which type of patient is most likely to have an arteriovenous fistula or graft?
Dialysis
The law that specifically addresses privacy of health information is the:
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act/HIPAA
What is the primary anticoagulant used for ABG?
lithium heparin
Performing an unauthorized arterial puncture that results in damage to the patient’s use of the arm is termed:
malpractice
Blood specimen collected from the previously active IV sites present a potential source of error in testing. Turning off the IV for 2 minutes collection allows IV fluids to dissipate from the area.
Both statements are true.
Which of the following is the CLSI acceptable order of tube draw?
light blue, light green, and lavender
