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Philosophy Ruby > Philosophy Midterm > Flashcards

Philosophy Midterm Flashcards

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1
Q

What is philosophy of language?

A

Questions use of language

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2
Q

Philosophy of language questions: (1)

A

Can you accurately convey your thoughts with words?

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3
Q

What is philosophy of the mind?

A

Studies the nature of the mind

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4
Q

Philosophy of the mind paths: (2)

A

Looking to map out the brain

…

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5
Q

What is identity?

A

Each thing bears only to itself

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6
Q

Identity questions: (2)

A

Why do we continue to call things the same when things continue to change?Why are you still you?

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7
Q

What are the two ways to get knowledge?

A

Experience and reason

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8
Q

Levels highest to lowest – states of mind: (4)

A

Intelligence – thinking - belief – imagining

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9
Q

Descartes’s rules for direction of the mind: (3)

A

One. Never except anything for true – unless it is known to be so
Two. Divide each of the difficulty is under examination into as many parts as possible
Three. Conduct thoughts into such an order that by beginning with other objects…

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10
Q

Was Plato a rationalist or empiricist?

A

Rationalist

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11
Q

What did Emmanuel kant believe about knowledge?

A

Believed that both empiricism and rationalism equal knowledge

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12
Q

What is rationalism?

A

A priori- Knowledge before experience

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13
Q

What is empiricism?

A

A posteriori-Knowledge after experience

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14
Q

What are the forms?

A

Perfect – unchanging – E ternal – General

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15
Q

What happens when we are born? (Forms)

A

We forget the forms and get caught up in reality

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16
Q

What is induction?

A

What we know right away (clear+distinct)

17
Q

What does deduction involve?

A

Investigation

18
Q

Explain Plato’s divided line.

A

Picture of the Apple-Apple-what is Apple-Apple “ness”

19
Q

Who is Renée Descarte?

A

Born in 1596-french philosopher

20
Q

Explain Descartes’s method of doubt.

A

To doubt everything to find what you can be certain about

21
Q

What six things is Descartes certain of?

A

One.Doubt
Two. Cogito – I think therefore I am
Three. Proof of god
Four. Proof of external things
Five. Ontological argument – God is perfect
Six. Mind – body problem(How do they interact)

22
Q

Who is David Hume?

A

Born 1711 – Scottish

Didn’t agree with descarte

23
Q

Was David Hume an empiricist or a rationalist?

A

Empiricist

24
Q

What did Hume believe?(descarte)

A

Impressions(Initial sensory experience) +ideas (turns into idea)

Every idea begins with impressions.

25
Q

Explain Humes matters of fact

A

Consist of those things that are known a posteriori,but What we consider true may not be true
Ex:sun rose today(matter of fact) but could NOT be true

26
Q

Who is Immanuel Kant?

A

Born 1724– German

27
Q

Explain epistemological synthesis theory

A

Combines rationalists and empiricist ideas – views

28
Q

What two dimensions of the structure of the mind does kant distinguish?

A

Sensibility – the minds ability to passively receive representations of physical things
Understanding –Cause and effect

29
Q

What are the two forms of sensibility?

A

Space and time

30
Q

Explain phenomena

A

Our filtered perception

31
Q

Explain noumena

A

What it actually is

32
Q

What is the difference between analytic and synthetic judgments?

A

Analytic –Already contained in the concept of something(Example horses are animals)
Synthetic –Affirms relation between the predicate(Affirm something that is not already in the concept of something)(Example text books are expensive)

33
Q

Who is Allison M. Jager?

A

Born 1942 – English

34
Q

Does Jager agree with rationalism?

A

No,Believes emotions are not bad

35
Q

What is replicability?

A

The principle that the experiments that lead to valid scientific conclusions must be able to be reproduced by other scientists

36
Q

According to Jager, why is scientific investigation never completely value free?

A

The findings of science are seen as value free because they are based on replicability.

37
Q

Explain outlaw emotions

A

Dominant group= white males(fit to rule)
Subordinate group = people of color and women

Dominant group = rational, objective, and credible
Subordinate group = emotional, Subjective, and epistemologically suspect

Philosophy Ruby (1 decks)

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