Philosophy Final

Question 0

Dualism

Answer 0

The view that there are 2 kinds of substance, matter and mind/souls.

Question 1

Materialist

Answer 1

One thing exists; everything consist of energy or matter.

Question 2

Monism

Answer 2

The view that there is only one kind of substance 1) physicalism - view that only physical things exist 2) idealism - minds and souls are only things that exist.

Question 3

Epistemology

Answer 3

Theory of knowledge

Question 4

Rationalism

Answer 4

The view that not all knowledge is based on the senses , based on reason

Question 5

Empiricism

Answer 5

Opposite of rationalism, the view that knowledge is based in the senses.

Question 6

Skepticism

Answer 6

Doubting

Question 7

Solipsism

Answer 7

The view that ones own self is the only thing that truly exists.

Question 8

Ontology

Answer 8

Theory of what really exists

Question 9

Utilitarianism

Answer 9

Whatever brings the most happiness to most people is the right thing to do.it is a variety of consequentialism. Dedicated to teaching others in the act of being humanitarian and granting happiness to others.

Question 10

Consequentialism

Answer 10

Morality is based on consequences. If you want happiness you will try to use a means which will get you top satisfaction.

Question 11

Non-consequentialism

Answer 11

Does not base right or wrong on consequences of actions.

Question 12

Absolutism

Answer 12

Cannot ever kill noncombatants away from usual war battles and cannot perform inhumane acts.

Question 13

Inductive reasoning

Answer 13

The inductive hypothesis/argument is not sound, but the conclusion is valid.

Ex. All men are bald
Harold is bald
Harold is a man

Question 14

Deductive reasoning

Answer 14

deductive has sound hypothesis and argument and facts are true

Ex. All men are mortal, Harold is a man, therefore Harold is mortal

Question 15

Inductive skepticism

Answer 15

Doubt of induction theory. Not all is what it appears to be.

Question 16

Compatibilasm

Answer 16

Free will is compatible with determinism.

Question 17

Free will

Answer 17

Your actions with your morals. Moral responsibility, blame punishment, praise, reward.

Question 18

Determinism

Answer 18

idea that laws of nature determine complete description of the world at all times.

Question 19

Hard determinism

Answer 19

One future only possible, no free will.

Question 20

Incompatibalism

Answer 20

Free will is not compatible with determinism

Question 21

Libertarianism

Answer 21

False determinism, we can act a certain way

Question 22

Suspend Reactive attitudes

Answer 22

Giving a sense of understanding for ones bad behavior.

Question 23

Reactive attitudes

Answer 23

Resentment and try to omit same treatment to individual.