Philosophy Exam 3 Flashcards
What is Epicurus’ philosophy known as, and who else is a key figure associated with it?
Epicureanism; key figures are Epicurus (341–270 BCE) and Lucretius (last century BCE).
How does Catherine Wilson contribute to the study of Epicureanism?
As a professor at CUNY, she authored How to Be an Epicurean, highlighting its relevance in modern life.
What is a foundational Epicurean principle about existence?
“Nothing exists except atoms and the void.”
How does Epicureanism define living a good life?
Living a good life equals hedonism, focusing on pleasure as a material and natural phenomenon.
What role does prudence play in Epicurean hedonism?
Prudence is crucial for making wise decisions about pleasure rather than indulging whims.
How is hedonism often misportrayed in the media, and what is Wilson’s response?
It’s seen as mindless consumerism; Wilson argues there are simple, inexpensive ways to increase sensory pleasure or reduce pain.
What are the potential problems with seeking pleasure according to Wilson?
Hedonistic paradox: Difficulty of finding pleasure when seeking it.
Hedonic treadmill: Pleasures are short-lived, requiring constant pursuit.
Hedonic set point: Baseline happiness people return to.
How does Wilson address these hedonistic challenges?
Points to therapy and self-help books as tools for improving well-being.
What is Epicureanism’s stance on enduring painful situations?
Avoiding pain is more important than seeking pleasure; there is no virtue in suffering in silence.
Why is friendship emphasized in Epicureanism?
Friendship is essential for living a good life and helps in avoiding pain.
How does Epicureanism differ from Aristotelianism and Stoicism?
It prioritizes sensory and material pleasure over rational flourishing (Aristotelianism) and emotional resilience (Stoicism).
How did early atomists perceive impermanence in nature?
Objects are composed of atoms in constant motion, leading to eventual breakdowns over time.
