Philosophy

Question 1

From who’s view is Cogito Ergo Sum

Answer 1

Rene Descartes

Question 2

“I think, therefore, I am”

Answer 2

Cogito Ergo Sum

Question 3

soul/mind (also the self) is a substance separate from the body

Answer 3

The Mind-Body Problem

Question 4

knowledge results from ideas produced a prosteriori or by objects that were experience : who?

Answer 4

John Locke

Question 5

Three (3) Kinds of Moral Good

Answer 5

1.Law of Opinion
2.Civil Law
3.Divine Law

Question 6

Three (3) types of Principles of Association:

Answer 6

1.Principle of Resemblance (i.e couple)
2.Principle of Contiguity (i.e spoon and fork)
3.Principle of Cause-and-Effect

Question 7

-Austrian Neurologists
-founder of psychoanalysis
-the unconscious mind
-hysteria

Answer 7

Sigmund Freud

Question 8

never entertained any belief in religion
(because of John Locke)

Answer 8

David Hume

Question 9

Three (3) Levels of Mental Life

Answer 9

1.Unconscious – beyond our awareness
2.Preconscious – contains all the elements that are not conscious but can become conscious
3.Conscious – mental elements in awareness at any given point in time

Question 10

other Philosopher called human nature the “soul” but he termed it “the self”

Answer 10

David Hume

Question 11

Provinces of Mind

Answer 11

1.Id
2. Ego
3. Superego

Question 12

(Blank Slate)

Answer 12

Tabula Rasa

Question 13

morals, religious and political values must come from sense experiences : who?

Answer 13

John Locke’s View

Question 14

its function is to seek pleasure (pleasure principle)

Answer 14

Id

Question 15

Perception- Two (2) Types:

Answer 15

1.Impression
2.Ideas

Question 16

the only region of the mind in contact with reality (reality principle)

Answer 16

Ego

Question 17

represents the moral and ideal aspects of personality (moralistic/idealistic principle)

Answer 17

Superego

Question 18

-past lodges within his subconscious
-balancing the forces of life and death. Who?

Answer 18

Sigmund Freud

Question 19

psychological strategies that are unconsciously used to protect a person from anxiety

Answer 19

Defense Mechanism

Question 20

he contradicted Cartesian Dualism

Answer 20

Gilbert Ryle

Question 21

human consciousness and mind are very dependent on the human brain

Answer 21

Ghost in the Machine

Question 22

Churchland’s View of Human Nature

Answer 22

1.Normal Brain – facilitates socially accepted behavior
2.Compromised Brain – gives rise to aberrant behaviors

Question 23

Two (2) types of Knowledge

Answer 23

1.Knowing-that
2.Knowing-how

Question 24

combined Neurology and Philosophy

Answer 24

Patricia and Paul Churchland

Question 25

Brain = Self : who?

Answer 25

Patricia and Paul Churchland

Question 26

"philos” is? sophia is?

Answer 26

Love, Wisdom

Question 27

man is endowed with freewill

Answer 27

Ryle’s View of Human Nature

Question 28

Ancient Greek Philosopher, Scholar, Teacher. Mentor of Plato.

Answer 28

Socrates

Question 29

to bring the person closer to the final Understanding

Answer 29

Socratic Method

Question 30

Socrates is considered to be the main source of

Answer 30

Western Thought

Question 31

“Socrates is the wisest of all man”

Answer 31

Delphi Oracle

Question 32

addressing the age-old problem (mind-body)

Answer 32

(Neurophilosophy)

Question 33

also called dialectic method

Answer 33

Socratic Method

Question 34

(thinking, seeking, and asking repeatedly)

Answer 34

Socrates’ View of Human Nature

Question 35

Started in Athens of Ancient Greece at around 600 BCE. Understanding elements, mathematics, heavenly bodies, atoms, and man.

Answer 35

Phiosophy

Question 36

Define Sophises

Answer 36

the first teacher in the west -fond debates

Question 37

Sophises' petition

Answer 37

petition to kill Socrates

Question 38

wrote more than 20 Dialogues with Socrates as protagonist in most of them

Answer 38

Plato

Question 39

Why did Plato left Athens?

Answer 39

(left Athens after Socrates died but came back after 12 years to start academy)

Question 40

Socrates’ View of Human Nature

Answer 40

“the unexamined life is not worth living”

Question 41

Plato's writing was called?

Answer 41

The Dialogues

Question 42

(similar to the idea of Heaven) - physical world is not the real world; ultimate reality exists beyond our physical world

Answer 42

Theory of forms

Question 43

abstract, perfect, unchanging concepts or ideals

Answer 43

Forms

Question 44

3 Characteristics of Forms

Answer 44

1.ageless and therefore are eternal 2.unchanging and therefore permanent 3.unmoving and indivisible

Question 45

Father of Modern Philosophy

Answer 45

Rene Descartes

Question 46

Christian Philosopher he initially rejected Christianity questions sufferings in the world

Answer 46

St. Augustine of Hippo

Question 47

ability to apprehend directions of certain truths

Answer 47

Intuition

Question 48

Plato’s Theory of Love and Becoming

Answer 48

The Allegory of Cave

Question 49

Cartesian Method and Analytic Geometry

Answer 49

Rene Descartes

Question 50

According to who: humans have the mortal and rational. intrinsically good and ignorance equates with evil

Answer 50

Plato (view of human nature)

Question 51

Plato’s Dualism

Answer 51

1.Realm of Shadows 2.Realm of Forms

Question 52

composed of changing, ‘sensible’ things which are lesser entities and therefore imperfect and flawed

Answer 52

Realm of Shadows

Question 53

composed of eternal things which are permanent and perfect. It is the source of all reality and true knowledge

Answer 53

Realm of Forms

Question 54

Three (3) Components of the Soul (Tripartite Soul)

Answer 54

1.The Reason 2. The Spirited 3. The Appetites

Question 55

Two (2) Realms in Understanding Human Nature

Answer 55

1.God as the source of all reality and truth 2.The sinfulness of man

Question 56

The Role of Love

Answer 56

Physical objects = sin of greed Not lasting and excessive love for people = sin of jealousy Self = sin of pride God = supreme virtue and real happiness

Question 57

Two (2) Powers of Human Mind

Answer 57

1.Intuition 2. Deduction

Question 58

power to discover on what is not known by processing an orderly way

Answer 58

Deduction