Philosophy

Question 1

John Locke

Answer 1

English philosopher and physician
“father of liberalism”

Question 2

Natural Rights

Answer 2

a right that is conferred by natural law, such as life and liberty

Question 3

Social Contract

Answer 3

an idea, theory or model that usually, although not always, concerns the legitimacy of the authority of the state over the individual

Question 4

Deism

Answer 4

belief in the existence of a supreme being, specifically of a creator who does not intervene in the universe

Question 5

“State of Nature”

Answer 5

describes the hypothetical way of life that existed before humans organised themselves into societies or civilizations

Question 6

Philosophes

Answer 6

the term for the 18th-century French intellectuals who advocated for reason and reform in various fields

Question 7

Dennis Diderot

Answer 7

French philosopher
co-founder, chief editor, and contributor to the Encyclopédie

Question 8

Voltaire

Answer 8

French Enlightenment writer and philosopher
advocate of freedom of speech, freedom of religion, and separation of church and state

Question 9

Adam Smith

Answer 9

Scottish professor
took physiocratic arguments further
clarified the natural laws
- 1. self interest
- 2. competition
- 3. supply, demand