PHILOSOPHY Flashcards
(one can still maintain his or her happiness even if he or she is experiencing difficulties in life.)
IT CAN BE INTERPRETED AS A STATE OF MIND.
(being happy means having a satisfying life that goes well for the person living it).
IT CAN BE AN EVALUATION OF ONE’S EXPERIENCES IN LIFE.
a person’s state of well-being or happiness.
EUDAIMONIA (GOOD SPIRIT)
This principle states that a person’s actions are considered moral or desirable when they produce the greatest happiness for other people.
GREATEST HAPPINESS PRINCIPLE.
where a person is able to evaluate his or her life experiences and determine his or her level of satisfaction with how he or she has lived life.
WHOLE LIFE SATISFACTION,
happiness as “SATISFACTION WITH ONE’S LIFE AS S WHOLE”. This means that one views past experiences, present conditions, and future prospects in life with satisfaction.
WLADYSLAW TATARKIEWICZ
traces a person’s happiness based on a TOTAL LIFE PATTERN. a person should not only be satisfied with the life he or she has lived but must also feel constant joy and enthusiasm in life.
RICHARD BRANDT
approaches happiness in two ways:
1. COGNITIVE PERSPECTIVE - one must be able to look back at past experiences and have a positive evaluation of his or her condition.
2. EMOTIONAL OR AFFECTIVE SIDE - happiness is brought about by a sense of well-being in having lived a life that is enriching and rewarding.
WAYNE SUMNER
Happiness as well-being is considered to have three distinct elements:
CONTENTMENT, WELFARE , DIGNITY
satisfaction with one’s life.
CONTENTMENT
satisfaction of a person’s wants and desires
WELFARE
ability to control and define one’s destiny, and the freedom to live a life of one’s choosing.
DIGNITY
happiness is living a MORAL LIFE, practicing virtues, fulfilling personal duties, and controlling one’s desires
PLATO
happiness is the PRIMARY REASON FOR HUMAN ACTION, and one becomes happy through the practice of virtues and the accumulation of achievements.
- proposes that to achieve happiness, a PERSON MUST PLAN HIS OR HER ACTIVITIES, and FORM a SET OF LIFE GOALS TO ACHIEVE a WORTHWHILE LIFE.
ARISTOTLE
happiness means a life of peace that is FREE FROM FEAR AND DISCOMFORT.
- believe that happiness is possible if ONE ENJOYS THE SIMPLE PLEASURES OF LIFE and COMMITS TO A LIFE OF VIRTUE.
EPICUREANS
believes that happiness can be FOUND IN THE AFTERLIFE when the spirit reunites with God.
ST. AUGUSTINE
believes that happiness is ACHIEVED THROUGH WISE DECISION-MAKING.
JEREMY BENTHAM
human actions should not be defined by happiness but rather by GOODWILL.
IMMANUEL KANT
refers to an experience of unpleasantness, discomfort, and pain.
often associated with threats to human existence or the lack of pleasure or happiness in life.
SUFFERING
refers to physical sensations such as discomfort, hunger, distress, and pain.
PHYSICAL SUFFERING
is associated with emotional and mental states such as depression, anxiety, fear, loneliness, and grief.
MENTAL SUFFERING
proposed a view of a world controlled by chaotic forces that bring about human suffering.
ARTHUR SCHOPENHAUER
which believes that human existence is characterized by suffering caused by man’s inability to meet his unlimited wants and desires.
PESSIMISTIC VIEW
considers suffering as a defining feature of human existence THE FOUR NOBLE TRUTHS propose that human suffering is caused by desire and that suffering will only end through the elimination of worldly desires.
BUDDHISM
believes that suffering is closely tied to spiritual progress and that all suffering ends when a person attains enlightenment.
HINDUISM
believes that suffering is inevitable, and that man is meant to suffer Certain forms of suffering, for Nietzsche, can be beneficial and can result in personal growth and development.
- He also views suffering as a test of a person’s worth.
FRIEDRICH NIETZSCHE
views on life experiences considers suffering as one of many interrelated elements that define the meaning of experiences throughout life.
- For him, suffering and happiness go hand in hand in defining a person’s views on his life’s experiences, and a balance between positive and negative experiences will result in a well-adjusted, functional person
GEORGE SEFLER
refers to the means that a person employs in dealing with difficult life situations and involves a conscious effort to solve personal and interpersonal problems.
- also entails identifying sources of stress and conflict and devising means to tolerate or minimize their effects
COPING
end of all biological functions that sustain a living organism.
- In medical terms, the death of a human being is associated with “brain death” or the ceasing of all brain functions.
- The causes of death include aging, disease, and fatal injury.
DEATH
Death is a natural occurrence, and as a person advances in age, the certainty of death is seen in the gradual decline of the human body.
AGING OR SENESCENCE
are collected to help defray the costs of the funeral and other needs.
ABULOY
belief that a person’s spirit begins a new life in another body.
REINCARNATION
- The opposite view to the belief in the afterlife.
- believe that death totally extinguisher the consciousness of the person.
ETERNAL OBLIVION
Where it is believed that the spirit of the dead survives and continues to persist.
*GRIEF - Natural reaction to death and dying.
AFTERLIFE
Natural reaction to death and dying.
GRIEF
The state of loss brought about by death.
BEREAVEMENT
Process by which persons deal with death.
MOURNING
“I am the resurrection and the life. He who believes in Me will live even if he dies, and everyone who lives and believes in Me will never die”
(John 11:25-26).
” As man is created from dust and in death, he returns to dust.”
(GENESIS 3:19).
“It is appointed for man to die once, and after that comes judgment.”
(HEBREWS 9:27)
