PHILOSOPHICAL VIEW OF SELF Flashcards
WHAT IS
PHILOSOPHY?
Finding answers to serious questions about
ourselves and about the world we live in:
What will you get out of philosophy?
- Critical thinking
- Argument skills
- Communication
- Reasoning
- Analysis
- Problem solving
What is Philosophia means?
Love of Wisdom
What is Socrates known for?
Know Thyself
Who is Philosopher that quote “an unexamined life is not worth living”?
Socrates
composed of body and soul
dualistic
Based by Socrates self is represent as
Soul
What is the 2 DICHOTOMOUS
REALMS
physical realm
ideal realm
What is physical realm?
changeable, transient, and
imperfect
From the 2 dichotomous realm what is unchanging,
eternal, and perfect
ideal realm
Essence of the self
soul - immortal entity
tool
to achieve the
exalted state of
wisdom and
perfection
reason
Meaningful
and happy life is equal to
Knowledge
and Virtue/ Soul Searching
Examining
one’s thoughts
and emotions
INTROSPECTION
According to Socrates what is the most important task?
Examining one’s self
According to Plato what is the 3 parts of soul
- Reason
- Physical appetite
- Sprit or passion
divine
essence that enables
us to think deeply,
make wise choices,
and achieve a true
understanding of
eternal truths
reason
What do you mean by Physical appetite?
basic biological
needs such as
hunger, thirst, and
sexual desire
basic emotions such
as love, anger,
ambition,
aggressiveness and
empathy
Spirit or Passion
Plato’s Two Worlds
The world of forms
The world of sense
What do you mean by The world of sense?
(reality) – temporary and
replica of the real world
What do you mean by The world of forms?
(non-physical ideas) – real
and permanent
The Soul is the
Essence of Self is said by
Aristotle
The 3 Kinds of soul according to Aristotle
vegetative soul
sentient soul
rational soul
physical
body that grows
vegetative soul
physical
body that grows
vegetative soul
what is Sentient soul
sensual
desires, feelings, and
emotions
intellect
that allows man to think
and understand things
rational soul
Who is the Philosopher that known for “The Self has an
Immortal Soul
Body as “spouse’”
of the soul “.
St. Augustine
humankind is
created in the
image and
likeness of God
Confession
is a consequence
of knowledge of
God.
Self knowledge
refers to the truth
of knowing God.
“knowledge can only
come by seeing the
truth that dwells within
us.”
Rene Descrates is known for
“Cogito, ergo sum”/I THINK THEREFORE I AM
The ____ is a
thinking entity
distinct from the
body.
self
TWO DIMENSIONS OF
HUMAN SELF (DUALISM)
Self as a thinking entity
Self as a physical body
What is Self as a physical body
material, mortal, non-thinking
entity, fully governed by the
physical laws of nature.
non-material, immortal,
conscious being and independent
of the physical laws of the universe
Self as a thinking entity
The human
mind at birth is
“tabula rasa” or a
blank slate according to____
John Locke
______ is constructed primarily from sense
experiences; what
people see, hear,
smell, taste, and feel.
Personal identity
______ accompanies thinking
and makes possible
the concept people have of a self.
Consciousness
David Hume believe that ____
there is no self
According to David Hume What people
experience is just a ___
bundle or collection of different
perceptions.
“ I act therefore I am” According to ____
Gilbert Ryle
The self is the
same as
bodily behaviour.
According to Immanuel Kant
We construct the self as
by its own reality
It is the self that makes
experiencing an intelligible
world possible because it is _________________________
the self that is actively organizing and
synthesizing all of our
thoughts and perceptions.
Sigmund Freud believe that ___
The self is multilayered
What is 3 level?
id
superergo
ergo
the impulsive (and unconscious) part of our psyche which responds directly and immediately to basic urges, needs, and desires.
Id
suppress entirely any urges or desires of the id that are considered wrong or socially unacceptable.
super ergo
the discipline that applies a knowledge of human abilities and limitations
ergo
According to him “The Self is the Brain”
the self is inseparable from the brain and the
physiology of the body if the brain is gone, there is
no self.
Paul Churchland
gives the people the sense
of self.
the physical brain and
not the imaginary mind,
The mind does not
really exist because
it cannot be experienced by
the senses.
The self is embodied
subjectivity according to __
Maurice Merleau-Ponty
Argues that all knowledge about the self is
based on the ____
“phenomena”
of experience.
