philosophical roots of Biological Psychology Flashcards
animism
basic theory that all things are controlled by animating spirits
dualism
your mind and brain are separate (confuses mind with soul). Fits better with philosophical belief in free will that we are able to control our behavior; mind not constrained by the physical / animal body
monism
belief that reality consists of a unified whole; your mind is what your brain does. Scientist are determinists - they look for physical causes of behavior
psychoneural identify hypothesis
mental and brain processes untied - no brain, no mind
early Egyptians
Thought heart and liver were the vital organs; “not the brain”
alcmacon & Plato (5th century)
thought brain was “seat of the soul”
Hippocrates (400 BC)
proposed that the brain was organ of intellect and controlled sensorimotor process
Aristotle (3rd century BC)
believed function of the brain was cool the blood.
Herophilus (3rd century BC)
Thought that the brain was organ of intellect but placed the function areas in the ventricles
Galen (2nd century BC)
It was not the ventricles but the brain that was important; thought the soul was located in the frontal lobes
local of function
That different parts of the brain carry out specific tasks (eg. vision, control of voluntary movement, understanding speech, etc). Other body organs, such as the liver and heart, do not exhibit localization of function; all parts of the liver, heart and stomach do the same thing as any other part. Researchers who identified functions of different brain and nervous system areas.
Franz joseph gall (1758-1828)
Promoted the concept of localization of function
Meynert
Frontal - motor and the posterior - sensory
bouilland & broca (1800s)
Left frontal area for expressive language function
wernickle (1800s)
Left temporal receptive language function
