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Understanding the Self > Philosophical Perspective > Flashcards

Philosophical Perspective Flashcards

1
Q

Who said this phrase?

“An unexamined life is not worth living”

A

Socrates

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2
Q

State the Philosophers Name:

Soul - Divine, immortal, intelligible, uniform and ever self consistent

Body - Human, mortal, unintelligible, inconsistent

A

Socrates

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3
Q

Socrates said that:

The body is_________ to basic emotions and actions; the soul ________ these emotions and actions through proper judgement and reason.

A

The body is (VULNERABLE) to basic emotions and actions; the soul (CONTROL) these emotions and actions through proper judgement and reason.

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4
Q

State the Philosopher:

Soul is superior over the body

A

Socrates

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5
Q

For Socrates which came first, soul or body?

A

Soul

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6
Q

What do you call a process in which a question and answer is interchanged?

A

Dialectic or Socratic Method

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7
Q

Know Thyself

A

Socrates

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8
Q

Self-knowledge is understanding one’s own capabilities and potentials. Only through self knowledge that one’s self emerges

A

Socrates

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9
Q

Self is achieved not just discovered. Something to work hard on and not just a product of mere realization

A

Socrates

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10
Q

“Thinking - the talking of the soul with itself”

A

Plato

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11
Q

The first philosopher who believed in an enduring self that the soul represents (the soul represents the enduring self)

A

Plato

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12
Q

He argued that the soul is external and constitutes the enduring self because the soul continues to exist even after death.

A

Plato

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13
Q

What is the difference between the ideal world and the material world?

A

Ideal World - permanent, unchanging

Material World - constantly changing, what we see around us

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14
Q

The body is not the real self but a replica that is why it constantly changes (getting older, changing shape etc)

A

Plato

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15
Q

The body is seen as a prison and the only way to get free is through contemplation.

A

Plato

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16
Q

What is another term for “I think therefore I am”

A

“Cogito ergo sum”
- Rene Descartes

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17
Q

He believe that the mind and body is very distinct and separate

A

Rene Descartes

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18
Q

The self for him is all about the mind and body dichotomy. Thought always precedes actions.

A

Rene Descartes

19
Q

Descartes believed that the self is …?

A

.. a thinking thing

20
Q

“What worries you masters you”

A

John Locke

21
Q

Self is not only the concept of the mind, body or soul but also the memory or consciousness.

A

John Locke

22
Q

He rejected that the mind and body has something to do with the consciousness as they may change but the consciousness does not.

A

John Locke

23
Q

True or False

Rene Descartes mentioned that:

If a body’s soul is replaced but the consciousness, the personal identity remains the same

A

False (John Locke)

24
Q

Blank Slate

A

Tabula Rasa

25
Q

There is no self. For the self is a complex set of successive impressions or perceprions

A

David Hume

26
Q

For David Hume the existence of mind is divided into two:

A

Impressions - something we perceived through our senses

Simple Idea - something we create in our minds even if we no longer experience it.

27
Q

We cannot observe any permanent self because we continuously change. Therefore there is no self

A

David Hume

28
Q

Dare To Know

A

Immanuel Kant

29
Q

Consciousness is formed from the outer and inner sense

A

Immanuel Kant

30
Q

Consciousness of oneself and of one’s psychological state was referred to by Kant as ..

A

Empirical Self-Consciousness

31
Q

Consciousness of oneself and of one’s state via acts apperception is called …

A

Transcendental Apperception

32
Q

His philosophy centers and revolves around the inherent dignity of a human being

A

Immanuel Kant

33
Q

His idea on the self is that man is a free agent, capable of making decision for himself

A

Immanuel Kant

34
Q

What Theory did Sigmund Freud contribute?

A

Psychoanalytic Theory

35
Q

What do you call Sigmund’s famous Idea about the Id, Ego and Superego?

A

Tripartite Division of Man’s Mind

36
Q

I act therefore I am

A

Gilbert Ryle

37
Q

He supported the basic notions of behavioristic Psychology. What are the names of his theories?

A

Logical Behaviorism and Analytical Behaviorism

  • theory of mind that states that mental concepts of individual can be observed through their actions
38
Q

The self is the way people behave

A

Gilbert Ryle

39
Q

They introduced eliminative materialism. Meaning that common sense or understanding of the mind is wrong

A

Paul and Patricia Churchland

40
Q

The term mind, moods, emotions, actions and consciousness are deeply affected by our brain. It can be successfully altered by manipulating some parts of the brain.

A

Patricia and Paul Churchland

41
Q

He regarded the self as embodied subjectivity wherein self is to be more that one’s body, it is about how I use it.

A

Maurice Merleau Ponty

42
Q

Self is grounded on the experience of the past, possibilities for the future and how i make decisions on the present.

A

Maurice Merleau Ponty

43
Q

Self is the product of our conscious human experience

A

MM Ponty

Understanding the Self (3 decks)

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