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Philosophy, Politics, & Thought > Philosophers by Core Belief > Flashcards

Philosophers by Core Belief Flashcards

1
Q

Pythagoras

A

Deepest reality is composed of numbers; souls are immortal; allegedly vegetarian

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2
Q

Heraclitus

A

Change is fundamental; unity of opposites; “Man cannot step in the same river twice.”

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3
Q

Socrates

A

Socratic method, pursuit of virtue through questioning

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4
Q

Plato

A

Theory of Forms, philosopher-kings, allegory of the cave

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5
Q

Aristotle

A

Ethics, metaphysics, logic, golden mean, scientific inquiry

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6
Q

Epicurus

A

Hedonism, pursuit of pleasure, simple living; openly allowed women and slaves to study

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7
Q

Zeno

A

Stoicism, virtue, acceptance of fate, endurance in adversity

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8
Q

Euclid

A

“Father of Geometry,” elements, foundational math principles

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9
Q

Archimedes

A

Eureka moment, lever, buoyancy, math contributions

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10
Q

Chrysippus

A

Stoic philosophy, rationality, determinism, virtue as knowledge

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11
Q

Hipparchus

A

Astronomical observations, cataloging stars

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12
Q

Cicero

A

Roman orator, Stoicism, natural law, political philosophy

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13
Q

Seneca the Younger

A

Stoic philosophy, moral letters, on tranquility

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14
Q

Plutarch

A

Parallel Lives, moral essays

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15
Q

Marcus Aurelius

A

Stoic Emperor, “Meditations”, duty and virtue

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16
Q

St. Augustine

A

Christian theology, original sin, Confessions, City of God

17
Q

Anselm

A

Ontological argument for God’s existence, Christian theology

18
Q

Abelard

A

Scholasticism, logic, ethics, tragic love story with Heloise

19
Q

Fibonacci

A

Fibonacci sequence

20
Q

St. Francis of Assisi

A

Franciscan order, poverty, love of nature and animals

21
Q

Thomas Aquinas

A

Scholasticism, summa theologica, natural law, reason and faith

22
Q

Bonaventure

A

Franciscan theologian, mysticism, spiritual writings

23
Q

Dante Alighieri

A

Divine Comedy, medieval epic, journey through Hell

24
Q

William of Ockham

A

Ockham’s Razor, simplicity in explanation

25
Q

Machiavelli

A

Political realism, The Prince, amoral politics

26
Q

Copernicus

A

Heliocentrism, on the Revolutions of the Celestial Spheres

27
Q

Sir Thomas More

A

Utopia, humanism, martyr for conscience

28
Q

Martin Luther

A

Protestant Reformation, 95 Theses

29
Q

John Calvin

A

Calvinism, predestination, Reformation theologian

30
Q

Francis Bacon

A

Scientific method, empiricism, Novum Organum

31
Q

Galileo Galilei

A

Heliocentrism, telescopic observations, father of modern physics

Philosophy, Politics, & Thought (1 decks)

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