philo 1

Question 1

thales

Answer 1

-ancient philosopher

Question 2

thales first principle

Answer 2

everything is water; how things flow and change, and also steadiness

Question 3

Descartes

Answer 3

early modern

Question 4

descartes 3 kinds of doubt

Answer 4

can he trust his senses? heck to the no
cna he trust that he is awake or asleep? nope cause those dreams feel too real
can he trust that the world exists? nah cause there is an evil demon deceiving

Question 5

descartes cogito

Answer 5

I think therefore I am bitch

Question 6

Socrates

Answer 6

ANCIENT BIOTCH

Question 7

socrates charges

Answer 7

1) corrupting the youth
2) impiety, committing to blasphemy to the Gods

Question 8

Socrates Daimon

Answer 8

inner voice, conscious, soul

Question 9

Plato

Answer 9

ancient

Question 10

Plato allegory of the cave

Answer 10

People the cave, can’t see behind them or to the side, only in front, sees shadows from statues and fire behind them, like puppets being controlled by a puppeteer, chained to the wall, believes those are real, but one is freed, sees that the shadows arent the real things, leaves caves, sees the sun and outside world, wants to share with other dwellers, but dwellers think that his eyes are damaged Education is not about sharing knowledge, it is about giving sight to those were blinded.

Question 11

plato allegory of the cave knowable realm

Answer 11

The intelligible realm cannot be sensed, but only grasped with the intellect. It consists of the Forms. Only the intelligible realm can be the object of knowledge. Outside world

Question 12

plato allegory of the cave visible realm

Answer 12

the visible realm can be grasped with our senses. It is comprised of the world see around us—the world of sensible particulars. The objects which comprise the visible realm are not as real as those which comprise the intelligible realm; in addition, they are not the proper objects of knowledge (i.e., we cannot “know” anything about them), but of opinion. THE CAVE

Question 13

Heidegger

Answer 13

contemporary

Question 14

Heidegger Phusis vs Natura

Answer 14

Phusis (conception of being, encompasses everything including spiritual ) and natura (deficient mode, all of the world of space and time, physical reality)

Question 15

Heidegger Being vs beings

Answer 15

b-anything that exists the world earth you and me,
B the creator giving existence to particular beings

Question 16

Heidegger Critique of Science & Theology

Answer 16

The big bang theory chain of cause and effect,
science: explains things in terms of other beings

theology- doesn’t answer the question, it explains beings in terms of other beings, doesn’t go to the real origin of things

Question 17

du chatelet

Answer 17

early modern

Question 18

Du chatelet Design

Answer 18

everything is in some sort of order, NO chaos, if there is an intelligent design, there is an intelligent designer

Question 19

Du Chatelet No Infinite Regress

Answer 19

There must be a beginning, causes cannot go back in time forever

Question 20

Du Chatelet The Necessary Being

Answer 20

There must be a being that started it all. AKA GOD

Question 21

Spinoza

Answer 21

early modern

Question 22

Spinoza Critique of Anthropomorphism

Answer 22

When you apply human characteristics and apply them to non human things
Have more to do with our relationships rather than things in the world

Question 23

Spinoza The Worm in the Blood

Answer 23

Worm’s perspective
Totally distinct from the medium it is in
But the scientist sees it is apart of the world
We are part of the universe, we see ourselves as distinct, but everything is all interconnected

Question 24

Heraclitus

Answer 24

ancient

Question 25

Heraclitus Universal Flux

Answer 25

Universal flux, never being able to step into the same river twice, waters are always flowing on, things change as we step in,

Question 26

Parmenides/Zeno

Answer 26

ancient

Question 27

Parmenides/Zeno Either it is or it is not

Answer 27

Becoming is impossible, either it is, or it is not
If something were to come to be, it would have to come from nothing, but this cannot happen
Nothing can ever be destroyed
Nothingness has no property
Always been there, always exists
From a logical level, they don’t go anywhere once done
If something has existed, it has always existed

Question 28

Parmenides/Zeno Dichotomy

Answer 28

Moving from point A to point B (endlessly moving and dividing the finite space)
denies movement exists on the ground, movement is illogical, to get to one point one has to go half way, distance is infinitely divisible

Question 29

Parmenides/Zeno Achilles and the Tortoise

Answer 29

We perceive change, but it is not coherent, so it’s not true

Question 30

Parmenides/Zeno The Arrow Paradox

Answer 30

An object can only be where it is A thing cannot be where it isn’t The arrow moving is an illusion

Question 31

Epistemology

Answer 31

how do we know what we know

Question 32

Metaphysics

Answer 32

what’s really real

Question 33

Aesthetics

Answer 33

art

Question 34

Logic

Answer 34

mathematics

Question 35

comparative

Answer 35

comparing between cultures