PHIL Mid-Term Flashcards
The Cultural Difference Argument
Different cultures have different moral beliefs, practices, and traditions. If different cultures have different moral beliefs, traditions, and traditions, then there is no universal moral truth
Divine Command Moral Theory
Morality is based on the commands of God
Problem with the Euthypro
- concerned with a view of morality related to god
- do the gods love good action cause it is good or is good action good cause it is loved by the gods?
Ethics of Belief
we have a duty to make sure it is not infected with beliefs that don’t have good evidence
Contractarianism
based on the idea that we as rational, free, self-serving individuals can trade in some of our freedom for increased benefits and security in society
Justice as Fairness
could human beings reach a fair and impartial agreement as true equals not based by their place in society. Should be treated equally and unequal unequally
Folk-Biology
refers to people’s everyday understanding of the biological world - how they perceive, categorize, and reason about living kinds
Hypo-Descent
- anyone who is racially mixed is the lower race
- one drop-rule
Racialism vs. Racism
Racialism- the belief that there are several races of humans
Racism- the view that race is the primary determinant of human traits and capacities and that some races are naturally superior to others
The psychological wage
- if you are poor you should not talk about it because you are white
- called a wage cause it takes place of money
GI Bill of Rights and FHA Loans
GI Bill of Rights - provided WWII veterns with funds for college edu, unemployment insurance, and housing
FHA Loans- type of mortgage insured by the Federal Housing Administration that may let you take down payment as low as 3.5%
Race Eliminativism
biologically there is no races so why don’t we get rid of races
Color-blind racism
a form of racism to ignore others skin color and that skin color is no longer the problem (we all have equal opportunities)
invisible knapsack
- metaphor used to describe the under privilege seen for white people
- shows how white people are oblivious to their privileges
The Myth of the Model Minority
a minority group whose members are perceived as having achieved success through hard work and determination (Asian American example)
levels of racsim/discrimination
internalized
interpersonal
institutional
structural
era of mass incarceration
- began with nixons war on crime
- powder cocaine v. crack cocaine
- 1994 crime bill
- prison labor
1994 Federal Crime Bill
- violent crime control
- you have to serve 80% of sentence
- gave money to build prisons
- new policemen on streets
- created for tougher sentences
ALEC
members were politicians and corporations who get to propose laws mostly to Republicans
13th Amendment
- made it illegal to have slaves
- era of mass incarceration
School to Prison Pipline
Labeling students as “disabled” often leads them into being suspended or expelled which can lead to them into prison. Being labels as “learning disabled” or “special education” can receive extra funding from the federal government
pathology to poverty
poor people are poor becasue of the bad choice that they make. if they don’t get married before having kids and they are lazy; hence why they are poor
wage theft
- underpay workers
- increase work load
- effects paid workers, undocumented workers, and women
- paid in cash are more likely to be victims
myth of equal opportunity
everyone has an equal chance to success and to have success in the US requires nothing more than hard work, sacrifice and perseverane
gini coefficient
- measure of inequality among values of frequency distribution
- level of income
great gatsby curve
shows the connection between the concentration of wealth in one generation and the ability of those in the next generation to move up the economic ladder compared to their parents
exploitation of labor
the abuse of people in the workplace for profit
inequality and health
- the lower someone socio-economic position is the higher their risk of poor health
- male vs. female health ( color)
concerted cultivation
- style of parenting
1st Amendment
congress shall not make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise or abridging the freedom of speech or of the press
corporate plutocracy
- Societies rooted in state-corporate capitalism or which prioritize the accumulation of wealth over other interests
- society ruled or controlled by people of great wealth or income
demographic transition
long term trend of declining birth and death rates resulting in change in the age distribution of a population
intersectionality
experiences of social categories such as race, gender, and socioeconomic status, and sexual orientation and how these categories interact to create a system of oppression, domination, and discrimination
