phi Flashcards
1
Q
When would you expect the ventricles to contract?
A
QRS
2
Q
What would you expect to occur before the P wave?
A
SA node fires
3
Q
The pacemaker or _____ starts the cardiac cycle
A
SA node
4
Q
the SA node
A
send impulses across the atria
5
Q
As nerve impulses spread throughout the cardiac conduction system. When they reach the AV node there must be a short delay before it continues. What would be the best explanation for that? ( This is measured by a PQ interval)
A
It allows for blood to flow from the atria and into the ventricles before they begin to contract
6
Q
Which of these leads directly away from the heart
A
Arteries
7
Q
Which of these are the narrowest?
A
Capillaries
8
Q
Which of these are the most numerous?
A
Capillaries
9
Q
Which of these have the highest pressure?
A
Arteries
10
Q
This is where the exchange of oxygen and nutrients takes place with the cells.
A
Capillaries
11
Q
Q is the
A
Beginning of ventricular contraction
12
Q
R to T is
A
Ventricular systole
13
Q
Why would there be different RR distances?
A
The person’s heart rate is changing
14
Q
T to R is when
A
Blood pressure would be at its lowest (diastolic)
15
Q
R to T is when
A
Blood Pressure is Highest
16
Q
The Lubb Sounds occurs near which point?
A
S
17
Q
Which of these time intervals tells you if there is sufficient time delay between the atria contracting and the ventricles contracting?
A
PQ
18
Q
Which of these time intervals tells you if there is sufficient time delay between the atria contracting and the ventricles contracting?
A
P
19
Q
In our Heart Rate and Blood Pressure Lab, which of the following served as our primary control data for comparison to our other variables?
A
Sitting
20
Q
What response would you expect in heart rate following jumping? Why
A
increase due to Brain anticipates need for oxygen and Increased oxygen requirements and fatigue
21
Q
Deep breathing would be expected to affect heart rate; Why?
A
irregular or varied due to Pressure changes in thorax (chest) due to inhalation and exhalation
22
Q
Immediately upon standing heart rate: Why?
A
increase due to Change in body position lowers blood flow to brain and Increased work against gravity
23
Q
The primary concern for the brain is
A
Blood pressure
24
Q
systolic pressure is read on a sphygmomanometer when
A
when pulsing can be heard to begin following opening of the pressure valve
25
? ---> Atria ---> ? Bundle fibers (Bundle of HIS) ---> Bundle Branches ---> ? ---> Ventricles
SA node, AV node, Purkinje fibers
26
diastole
Relaxation of the heart
27
The pacemaker or _____ starts the cardiac cycle
SA node
28
the SA node
send impulses across the atria
29
action potentials (electrical impulses)
begins in the atria and spreads to the ventricle and causes heart muscle to contract
30
QRS is
Atrial contraction
31
The QRS complex of an EKG represents
The beginning of ventricular contraction
32
As impulse spread throughout the cardiac conduction system. When they reach the AV node there must be a short delay before it continues. What would be the best explanation for that?
It allows for blood to flow from the atria and into the ventricles before they begin to contract
33
Systole ( systolic)
Contraction of the heart
34
The BEST description of the purpose of the heart
Create pressure
35
systolic pressure is read on a sphygmomanometer
when pulsing can be heard to begin following opening of the pressure valve
36
After opening the valve on the sphygmomanometer and you listen to the pulsing sound, when the sound stops;
ventricle is relaxed and diastolic pressure
37
Structure within arteries which is used to communicate blood pressure to the nervous system
Baroreceptor
38
this part of the brain is responsible for basic blood pressure and heart rate
medulla oblongata
39
parasympathetic action potentials
decrease heart rate
40
sympathetic action potentials
increase heart rate
41
when blood pressure drops, the brains reaction would be to
parasympathetic impulses decrease and sympathetic impulses increase
42
In our Heart Rate and Blood Pressure Lab, which of the following serves as our primary control data for comparison to our other variables and tests?
Sitting
43
When a sense of danger is perceived by the brain
Epinephrine is released by the adrenal glands and “Fight or flight response” and Epinephrine will stimulate heart for rapid HR increase
44
Epinephrine
Causes rapid heart rate increas and Will cause airways to open for breathing and Will increase brain alertness and Increase muscle preparedness
45
Which of these would be the best to use to listen to the sounds of the heart?
Stethoscope
46
When the ventricles are contracting
Systolic pressure and Pressure is high
47
When the ventricles are relaxing
Diastolic pressure and Pressure is low
48
Which of these would be considered hypertension (high blood pressure)
145/90
49
Which of these would be considered low blood pressure
88/50
50
The major components of blood include all except:
Leukocytes (WBC)
51
On average a person contains about __ liters of blood
5
52
a typical leukocyte count would be ___ cells per ml
5000
53
Which of these is the largest component of plasma?
water
54
Red cell count of 2 million per microliter
Anemic
55
Leukocytes;
Can move within the various tissues and Cannot leave the bloodstream
56
Closing of heart valves
Prevents backward blood flow and Causes Lubb and Dubb
57
The BEST description of the purpose of the heart
Create pressure
58
The heart consists of;
Myocardium
59
the upper chambers of the heart
atria
60
the left side of the heart:
contains the bicuspid valve and pumps blood through the body tissues
61
covering of the heart
pericardium
62
Left Atrium ---> Bicuspid valve ---> ? ---> Aortic valve ---> ? ---> Body Cells ---> Vena cava ---> Right Atrium ---> ? ---> Right ventricle ---> Pulmonary valve ---> Pulmonary artery ---> ? --->Pulmonary Veins
Left ventricle, Aorta, Tricuspid Valve, Lungs
63
https://keep.google.com/u/0/#NOTE/1jOsdFjZM0QhHPqgT-WKpNtcfg4CeWbHfW4PX-_sC-OBZEtaSM2cokpsjWFEfKQ
Aorta, Right ventricle, Pulmonary artery, Left ventricle
64
Closing of heart valves
Prevents backward blood flow
65
Systole ( systolic)
Contraction of the heart
66
Why must there be both a systemic (left side) and pulmonary circuit (right side) of the cardiac cycle
Pressure cannot be maintained sufficiently in a single circuit and One must exchange with the cells the other with the lungs
67
Which of these would be considered a source of error in our first lab (Introductory concepts)?
There is no clearly defined procedure given on exactly how to measure the organs, therefore students cannot compare their measurements directly.
68
Transportation of wastes nutrients and gases is largely a function of;
Cardiovascular system
69
Defense against pathogens
Immune system
70
The purpose of cellular respiration
Production of ATP
71
Communication
Chemical signals and Electrical signals and Nervous system and Endocrine system
72
Layers of the skin
Epidermis and Dermis and Subcutaneous
73
Function of skin
Protection and Body temperature regulation
74
Melanin
Pigment found in the epidermis and Gives skin its color and Varies from person to person and Absorbs UV rays from the Sun to protect damage to DNA of other skin cells (cancer)
75
Accessory structures of the skin
Hair follicles and Skin glands
76
Hair,
Grows at the bulb (root) and Falls out regularly in normal growth
77
If nerve impulses from thermoreceptors to the brain decrease (Cold), then you would expect which of the following
Sweat glands are active and Increased muscle contraction
78
If nerve impulses from thermoreceptors to the brain increase (Warm), then you would expect which of the following
Sweat glands are active
79
Body heat is created by
Muscle contraction and The breakdown of ATP and As a result of normal body function
80
If the weather is very warm, and a person looks very tired. Which of these would trigger an emergency situation and 911 call
No sign of sweating and Cool skin with little color
81
the thumb bone connects to the
radius
82
Sebaceous glands
Help keep skin and hair soft and moist and Over production may lead to development of acne
83
In one method of body temperature regulation water must be able to evaporate from the skin
After release by sweat glands
84
Why is it important to maintain proper body temperature?
Body chemistry would begin to fail if body temperature changes greatly
85
Body temperature must be maintained near
37 degrees Celsius
86
How can your brain determine what body temperature is?
By the use of thermoreceptor nerve endings located throughout the muscles, skin and other organs
87
What portion of the brain is responsible for temperature regulation
Hypothalamus
88
Increases blood flow to the skin
Vasodilation
89
Which of the following is most closely related to a function of the muscular system?
the production of movement support and body heat
90
Which of the following is most closely related to a function of the nervous system?
the coordination, control of body parts
91
Which of the following is most closely related to a function of the digestive system?
the processing, absorption of nutrients
92
Removal and filtration of wastes, fluid control
urinary
93
in order for cells to be controlled and communicate with the brain and other organs
nervous system
94
System responsible for exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide with the atmosphere
Respirator
95
This system works together with the immune system and cardiovascular system in defense and transportation
Muscular system
96
Why is it necessary to control the pH and temperature of our cells
The body chemistry would quickly fail if they change even in small amounts
97
Osmosis is defined as the movement of
water molecules from a high concentration to a low concentration through a selectively permeable membrane
98
in order for cells to be controlled and communicate with the brain and other organs
nervous system
99
The activities of an anatomist consist of _______, whereas those of a physiologist consist of ______
observing body structure; studying functions of body parts
100
A molecule that carries energy in a form the cell can use is
ATP
101
in order to compare the location of fingers to the shoulder you would say fingers are _____ to the shoulder
distal
102
In order for glucose to be delivered to a cell which systems must be involved
Digestive and Cardiovascular
103
Cellular wastes are carried away and removed by
Cardiovascular system and Respiratory system and Urinary
104
Which system has does not have a primary purpose of maintaining homeostasis
Reproductive
105
System responsible for exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide with the atmosphere
Respiratory
106
This system works together with the immune system and cardiovascular system in defense and transportation
lymphatic
107
Which would be the best way to relate the heart to the skin. (heart is located _____ to the skin)
deep
108
The heart is,
Medial to the lungs and Superior to the stomach and Inferior to the thyroid gland
109
The elbow is proximal to the wrist
True
