PHI 114: Comp Rel: Test 1

Question 1

The Upanishads teach that underlying reality is a spiritual essence called ____________

Answer 1

BRAHMAN

Question 2

Laurie Goodstein writes, “Americans are by all measures a deeply religious people, but they are also deeply ignorant about ____________.”

Answer 2

RELIGION

Question 3

A term describing New Religious Movements that is now seen as derogatory is __________.

Answer 3

CULT

Question 4

Short sacred sounds or words used in prayer and meditation are called ____________.

Answer 4

MANTRAS

Question 5

______________ is the idea that humans cannot know if god or gods exist.

Answer 5

AGNOSTICISM

Question 6

According to scholar Karen Armstrong, “Religion starts with the perception that something is __________.”

Answer 6

WRONG

Question 7

Release from the cycle of reincarnation is called ___________.

Answer 7

MOKSHA

Question 8

The most sacred animal to Hindus is the ____________.

Answer 8

COW

Question 9

Senses of awe and fear are aspects of the ____________ dimension of religion.

Answer 9

EMOTIONAL

Question 10

_____________ is the spoken syllable that symbolizes the fundamental hidden reality of the universe.

Answer 10

OM

Question 11

The study of religion, based on a commitment to that religion in order to promote it, is called ______________.

Answer 11

THEOLOGY

Question 12

The elephant-headed god who is the son of Shiva is called _____________.

Answer 12

GANESH

Question 13

The more the psychological study of religion focuses on neuroscience and the study of the human brain, the more it is related to the branch of scientific study called ___________.

Answer 13

BIOLOGY

Question 14

Sociology is concerned with the relationship between religion and ___________, and how one shapes the other.

Answer 14

SOCIETY

Question 15

The “oppressed ones” traditionally called outcastes today call themselves _______.

Answer 15

DALITS

Question 16

The “secularization hypothesis” refers to

a. the idea that scientific inquiry and education would end religion in the world.
b. the belief in the freedom of religion in a democratic society.
c. a desire for the complete conversion of the world

’

s people.
d. the concerted effort by atheists to rid the worl of religion.

Answer 16

a. the idea that scientific inquiry and education would end religion in the world

Question 17

The effort to deal with religious differences constructively is the practice of

a. non-religious theology b. religious pluralism
c. religious freedom d. religious constructivism

Answer 17

b. religious pluralism

Question 18

In Hinduism, devotion to one’s chosen god is called

a. dharma b. bhakti
c. yoga d. tantra

Answer 18

b. bhakti

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a question asked by the author to encourage thought about the students’ “preunderstanding” of religion?

a. Can I be humble and provisional in my conclusions?
b. Which of the world

’

s religions is the most likely to ensure my ultimate happiness?
c. If I hold a religious belief, can I study other religions without feeling threatened in my own?
d. Do I have an unprejudiced view of what

“

religion

”

in general is? Or am I biased for or against it?

Answer 19

b. Which of the world’s religions is the most likely to ensure my ultimate happiness?

Question 20

The belief in many gods is called

a. multitheism b. nominalism
c. polytheism d. contratheism

Answer 20

c. polytheism

Question 21

The twentieth-century Indian movement for independence from the British Empire was led by

a. Dayananda Sarasvati b. Ramakrishna
c. Rammohan Roy d. Mohandas Gandhi

Answer 21

d. Mohandas Gandhi

Question 22

Along with gender, class, and ethnicity, religion is emerging as one of the main markers of human

a. biology b. intelligence
c. identity d. geography

Answer 22

c. identity

Question 23

Hindus use the following term for the image of a god or goddess

a. puja b. bahkti
c. murti d. bindi

Answer 23

c. murti

Question 24

Karma means

a. Individual fate after reincarnation
b. When bad things happen to good people
c. A random and uncontrollable power that affects reincarnation
d. Deeds and acts as they influence reincarnation

Answer 24

d. Deeds and acts as they influence reincarnation

Question 25

The books detailing sacrifice and its power are called the a. Brahmanas b. Vedic Law c. Rishi Chronicles d. Varuna

Answer 25

a. Brahmanas

Question 26

The Hindu "book of knowledge" are collectively known as the a. Agnihotra b. Kama Sutra c. Vedas d. Brahman

Answer 26

c. Vedas

Question 27

The term "civil religion" refers to a. An effort to accommodate the beliefs of others. b. Religious systems that employ a democratic system for establishing leadership. c. A system of religion that is dictated by the state. d. A popular and dominant religious tradition that usually involves religious convictions regarding the nation or culture.

Answer 27

d. A popular and dominant religious tradition that usually involves religious convictions regarding the nation or culture.

Question 28

What is the definition of "private religion?" a. The practices of an individual congregation. b. Belief that there should be no government intrusion into religious belief and practice. c. A pattern of belief held by only one person. d. A congregation that purchases its own property for a church.

Answer 28

c. A pattern of belief held by only one person.

Question 29

It is estimated that there are _____ Hindus in the world today. a. 1.5 billion b. 220 million c. 900 million d. 750 thousand

Answer 29

c. 900 million

Question 30

The cycle of reincarnation is called a. Karma b. Samsara c. Dharma d. Ahimsa

Answer 30

b. Samsara

Question 31

The Cognitive Dimension of religion a. entails analyzing, systematizing, and passing along knowledge b. entails thinking about the moral dogma of your own religion c. entails memorizing passages of sacred texts to recite during rituals d. entails meditative practice in order to achieve enlightenment

Answer 31

a. entails analyzing, systematizing, and passing along knowledge

Question 32

This festival is considered the largest pilgrimage in the world. a. Kumbha Mela b. Kuala Lampur c. Holi d. Diwali

Answer 32

a. Kumbha Mela

Question 33

The psychological study of religion focuses on a. how religion helps people in their everyday lives b. the social role of religion c. the experience of individuals and types of religious experience d. the importance of religious institutions

Answer 33

c. the experience of individuals and types of religious experience

Question 34

The current ecological crisis is connected to religion through a. cultural values b. human geography c. practicing paganism d. secular societies

Answer 34

a. cultural values

Question 35

The definition of religion used by our textbook is a. A unified system of beliefs and practices... which unite into one single moral community b. A pattern of beliefs and practices that expresses what a community regards as sacred and/or ultimate about life c. A set of symbolic forms and acts which relate man to the ultimate conditions of his existence d. What grows out of, and gives expression to, experiences of the holy in its various aspects

Answer 35

b. A pattern of beliefs and practices that expresses what a community regards as sacred and/or ultimate about life

Question 36

What is the basic nature of the cognitive dimension of religion? a. Using religious principles to understand evolution. b. The development of systematized method for studying religion. c. The aspects of a religious system that teaches its adherents what they need to know about their world and their traditions. d. The level of study needed to become a priest or minister.

Answer 36

c. The aspects of a religious system that teaches its adherents what they need to know about their world and their traditions.

Question 37

37. Religious Studies is an academic discipline that a. seeks the truth of a religion b. aims to understand religions in a religiously neutral way c. aims to understand religions objectively d. is a non-threatening way for people to learn about religious traditions

Answer 37

b. aims to understand religions in a religiously neutral way c. aims to understand religions objectively d. is a non-threatening way for people to learn about religious traditions

Question 38

38. Which of the following definitions of religion are not listed in our textbook? Religion is... a. Belief in the existence of a power greater than ourselves b. the audacious attempt to conceive of the entire universe as being humanly significant c. Something left over from the infancy of our intelligence; it will fade away as we adopt reason and science as our guides d. Feeling warner in our hearts, more connected to others, more connected to something greater, and having a sense of peace

Answer 38

a. Belief in the existence of a power greater than ourselves | b. the audacious attempt to conceive of the entire universe as being humanly significant

Question 39

39. During the Classical Period these two great Hindu epics were written a. Upanishad b. Mahabharata c. Siddhartha d. Ramayana

Answer 39

b. Mahabharata | d. Ramayana

Question 40

40. Which of the following are included in the Vedas? a. Dharma b. Rig c. Sama d. Yajur e. b, c, d

Answer 40

e. b, c, d

Question 41

The special issues in the study of religion listed in our textbook include a. same sex marriage b. atheism c. tolerance d. ecology e. creationism f. violence

Answer 41

c. tolerance d. ecology f. violence

Question 42

The three central figures of the devotional movements are a. Shiva b. Samsara c. Vishnu d. Shakti

Answer 42

a. Shiva c. Vishnu d.Shakti

Question 43

Examples of New Religious Movements include a. Scientology b. Episcopalian c. Baha'i d. Falun Gong

Answer 43

a. Scientology c. Baha'i d. Falun Gong

Question 44

Vishnu's incarnations include a. Kali b. Lakshmi c. Rama d. Krishna

Answer 44

c. Rama d. Krishna

Question 45

Traditional Hindu funeral rituals include the following elements a. ritual purification of the body b. a communal meal c. drinking a special liquid d. cremation

Answer 45

a. ritual purification of the body d. cremation

Question 46

. Which of the following are some of the goals of an academic course in World Religions? a. An appreciation of the complexities of religious language and values b. To convert people to or defend one's religion c. to understand how religious thought and practice are related to particular social and cultural contexts d. to understand and explain important texts both critically and empathetically

Answer 46

a. An appreciation of the complexities of religious language and values c. to understand how religious thought and practice are related to particular social and cultural contexts d. to understand and explain important texts both critically and empathetically

Question 47

. The criteria for New Religious Movements that warrants scholarly study is a. An organized set of doctrines b. Longevity c. Sufficient size d. Institutionalization

Answer 47

b. Longevity | c. Sufficient size

Question 48

In the Varna system of classification Kshatriyas are a. rulers b. priests c. government administrators d. warriors

Answer 48

a. rulers c. government administrators d. warriors

Question 49

The concept dharma encompasses a. Righteousness b. Moral Teaching c. Comic Order d. Entrance into Heaven

Answer 49

a. Righteousness b. Moral Teaching c. Comic Order

Question 50

Which of the following are named as Dimensions of Religion in our textbook? a. The Aesthetic Dimension b. The Cognitive Dimension c. The Doctrinal Dimension d. The Institutional Dimension

Answer 50

a. The Aesthetic Dimension b. The Cognitive Dimension d. The Institutional Dimension

Question 51

Scriptures all have the same function.

Answer 51

False

Question 52

Most scriptures originated in oral tradition.

Answer 52

True

Question 53

For moderns, the written word predominates.

Answer 53

True

Question 54

Scriptures, by definition, are especially sacred.

Answer 54

True

Question 55

One mark of scriptures’ holiness is their use in ritual.

Answer 55

True

Question 56

The Musgrave Ritual is a scriptural rite.

Answer 56

False

Question 57

Scriptures lack authority.

Answer 57

False

Question 58

In Western “religions of the book” scriptures regulate much of life.

Answer 58

True

Question 59

The Talmud is the Hebrew Bible.

Answer 59

False

Question 60

Every world religion practices veneration.

Answer 60

True

Question 61

Scripture is barred from public worship.

Answer 61

False

Question 62

Scriptures can be used doctrinally.

Answer 62

True

Question 63

There are three primarily cognitive uses of scripture.

Answer 63

True

Question 64

Scripture can only be used cognitively.

Answer 64

False

Question 65

Informative uses of scripture impart information.

Answer 65

True

Question 66

The first popular anthology of world scriptures was edited by a. Ballou c. Leeuw b. Conway d. Vogt

Answer 66

b. Conway

Question 67

How many times has Ballou’s book been revised? a. Never c. Three Times b. Once d. Six Times

Answer 67

a. Never

Question 68

How many stages has the study of scripture passed through in the last 150 years? a. Two c. Four b. Three d. Six

Answer 68

b. Three

Question 69

How many chapters in Religion in Essence and Manifestation deal with scripture? a. One c. Four b. Two d. Six

Answer 69

a. One

Question 70

Whose book was first published under the title From Primitives to Zen? a. Leeuw’s c. Lessa’s b. Vogt’s d. Eliade’s

Answer 70

d. Eliade’s

Question 71

Which book has remained in print continually since 1939? a. The Bible of the World c. Religions in Essence and Manifestation b. A World Religions Bible d. Reader in Comparative Religions

Answer 71

a. The Bible of the World

Question 72

The present work is representative of which stage of scripture study? a. First c. Fifth b. Third d. Sixth

Answer 72

b. Third

Question 73

The Upanishads include philosophy about a. The nature of reality c. the reality of nature b. The nature of plants d. God’s foreknowledge

Answer 73

a. The nature of reality

Question 74

Genres are also known as a. Devotionals c. Scriptures b. Literary Forms d. Djinns

Answer 74

b. Literary Forms

Question 75

What term do Coburn and Folkert reject? a. Canon c. Word b. Gospel d. Scripture

Answer 75

d. Scripture

Question 76

The passing down of material by word of mouth only is known as a.Scriptural tradition c. Judaic tradition b. Oral tradition d. Mythic tradition

Answer 76

b. Oral tradition

Question 77

Who argued that Israelite scripture originated as a support for an educational program? a. Carr c. Coburn b. Folkert d. Vogt

Answer 77

a. Carr

Question 78

For whom does the written word predominate? a. Moderns c. Jews b. Ancients d. Muslims

Answer 78

a. Moderns

Question 79

How many new scriptural revelations were added to the Mormon canon in the twentieth century? a. 2 c. 6 b. 4 d. 8

Answer 79

a. 2

Question 80

1. The Upanishads form the final part of the Shruti.

Answer 80

True

Question 81

Ravana was the husband of the monkey-god.

Answer 81

False

Question 82

The Story of Rama is attributed to Valkimi.

Answer 82

True

Question 83

The Great Story of the Bharatas is the longest epic in the world.

Answer 83

True

Question 84

There are seventeen Puranas.

Answer 84

False

Question 85

Tantras are “weavings”.

Answer 85

True

Question 86

There are three things that are said to define a practicing Hindu.

Answer 86

False

Question 87

Practicing Hindus must perform caste duty.

Answer 87

True

Question 88

The English word for recognized expert comes from a Hindu term.

Answer 88

True

Question 89

Much of the ancient vedic form of Sanskrit is still in use today.

Answer 89

False

Question 90

The Vedas were orally composed.

Answer 90

True

Question 91

Brahmins always understand what they are saying as they chant.

Answer 91

False

Question 92

Hindus believe that concentrating on the mantra allows one to tap into the cosmic power of creative speech.

Answer 92

True

Question 93

Not all Hindus revere the Veda.

Answer 93

False

Question 94

The Brahmins mark the high point of Hindu ritualism.

Answer 94

True

Question 95

Hindus wash away the negative effects of what in the Ganges? a. Karma c. Disease b. Dogma d. Rebirth

Answer 95

a. Karma

Question 96

Of all world religions, Hinduism is the most a. Internally diverse c. Liberal b. Cosmopolitian d. Internally coherent

Answer 96

a. Internally diverse

Question 97

Hindu scripture is divided into a. Two classes c. Four classes b. Three classes d. Six classes

Answer 97

a. Two classes

Question 98

What is the primary revelation in Hindu scripture? a. What is heard c. What is given b. What is seen d. What is thought

Answer 98

a. What is heard

Question 99

Who are the rishis? a. Ancient seers c. Living prophets b. Modern priests d. Unmarried women

Answer 99

a. Ancient seers

Question 100

How many Vedas are there in the Shruti? a. Two c. Six b. Four d. Twelve

Answer 100

b. Four

Question 101

The Aranyakas are the a. Forest Books c. Teacher Books b. Earth Books d. Brahmin Books

Answer 101

a. Forest Books

Question 102

Knowledge of atman will release a Hindu from a. Karma c. Shiva b. Dogma d. Reincarnation

Answer 102

d. Reincarnation

Question 103

How many books are there in the Rig-Veda? a. Two c. One Hundred and twenty b. Ten d. One Thousand and twenty-eight

Answer 103

b. Ten

Question 104

Prince Rama’s wife was a. Shiva c. Shalom b. Sita d. Sinai

Answer 104

b. Sita

Question 105

For Hindus, faithful reading is the route to a. Heaven c. Karma b. Salvation d. Redemption

Answer 105

b. Salvation

Question 106

Hindu scriptures have been in existence for a. 1,000 years c. 3,000 years b. 2,000 years d. 4,000 years

Answer 106

c. 3,000 years

Question 107

The world’s largest religious festival is held in a. Chennai c. Bombay b. Madras d. Hardwar

Answer 107

d. Hardwar

Question 108

How many of the Upanishads have been influential in Hindu history? a. 13 c. 123 b. 101 d. 327

Answer 108

a. 13

Question 109

How many Veda’s are there? a. 2 c. 6 b. 4 d. 8

Answer 109

b. 4