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Psychiatry > Phenomenology > Flashcards

Phenomenology Flashcards

1
Q

Akathisia

A

A feeling of motor restlessness, particularly of the legs, usually a side effect of neuroleptic (anti-psychotic) medication

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2
Q

Athetoid Movements

A

Abnormal movements that are slow, writhing, involuntary and involving the extremities. They are often described as snake like.

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3
Q

Automatic Movements/Automatism

A

Involuntary movements that occur in the setting of altered consciousness

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4
Q

Catalepsy/Waxy Flexibility

A

Rigid maintenance of a body position over an extended period of time

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5
Q

Cataplexy

A

Episodes of sudden bilateral loss of muscle tone resulting in the individual collapsing, often in association with intense emotions

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6
Q

Catatonic Behaviour

A

Marked motor abnormalities, including:

  1. Catalepsy [motor immobility]
  2. Purposeless agitation [certain types of excessive motor activity]
  3. Extreme negativism [apparently motiveless resistance to instructions]
  4. Mutism
  5. Posturing
  6. Stereotyped movements
  7. Echolalia
  8. Echopraxia
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7
Q

Choreiform Movements

A

Irregular, involuntary movements which are faster, jerkier and more discrete than athetoid movements

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8
Q

Compulsion

A

Unwanted, ego-dystonic impulse to perform certain behaviours

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9
Q

Disinhibited Behaviour

A

Behaviour that demonstrates poor self control or loss of capacity to resist unacceptable impulses

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10
Q

Echopraxia

A

Repetition by imitation of the movements of another

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11
Q

Psychomotor retardation

A

Slowing of body movements secondary to psychic dysfunction

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12
Q

Agrammatism

A

The inability to string words together in phrases or sentences within grammar rules

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13
Q

Anomia

A

Difficulty finding words to label people or things even though they may be familiar

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14
Q

Aphasia

A

A loss or deterioration of the ability to comprehend and express ideas through language (writing, reading and reading)

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15
Q

Aprosodia

A

The loss of prosodic speech

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16
Q

Coprolalia

A

Compulsive and explosive profanity or obscenities

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17
Q

Dysarthria

A

Poorly articulated speech due to anatomical dysfunction

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18
Q

Dysphasia

A

An incomplete aphasia

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19
Q

Echolalia

A

The pathological, parrot-like and apparently senseless repetition of a word or phrase just spoken by another person

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20
Q

Palilalia

A

The involuntary repetition of one’s own words or parts thereof

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21
Q

Alogia

A

An impoverishment in thinking

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22
Q

Thought blocking

A

The patient’s speech and thought are interrupted midsentence and do not resume their course. Often describe “the idea disappeared from my head”

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23
Q

Circumstantiality

A

Talking at length around a point before finally getting to the point, usually in an overly detailed fashion

24
Q

Clang Associations

A

A form of loose associations in which statements are connected by sound and not meaning (e.g. station-nation-ablation)

25
Q

Denial

A

An inability or extreme reluctance to accept some aspect of reality even when it is demonstrated by another

26
Q

Derailment

A

A pattern of speech in which a person’s ideas slip off track onto another than is completely unrelated or only obliquely related. It occurs between clauses

27
Q

Flight of Ideas

A

A nearly continuous flow of accelerated speech with abrupt changes from topic to topic that are usually based on understandable associations, distracting stimuli or play on words

28
Q

Neologisms

A

The use of novel vocabulary made up by the patient but not recognised by the patient as new or nonsense words

29
Q

Perseveration

A

The illogical and seemingly uncontrollable repetition of an idea, phrase or action, usually out of context and in a mechanical fashion

30
Q

Poverty of Speech

A

Little meaningful information is contained in the patient’s conversation (either in amount or content)

31
Q

Rumination

A

The persistent mulling over a theme or thought - usually unpleasant

32
Q

Tangentiality

A

A disturbance in the associations of thinking and conversation in which the patient changes the topic from the focus of the interview and follows another line of conversation. It is fluent, grammatical and logically connected.

33
Q

Word Salad/Incoherence

A

Speech or thinking that is essentially incomprehensible to others because words or phrases are joined together without a logical or meaningful connection. This disturbance occurs within clauses.

34
Q

Capgras’ Syndrom

A

The delusional conviction that a personally important individual (e.g. wife/husband) has been replaced by a stranger

35
Q

Delusion

A

A fixed false belief despite being contradicted by reality or rational argument of evidence to the contrary. The belief is not one ordinarily accepted by other members of the person’s culture.

36
Q

Bizarre Delusion

A

Person’s culture would regard this as totally implausible

37
Q

Erotomanic Delusion

A

Another person, usually of higher status, is in love with the individual

38
Q

Grandiose Delusion

A

Inflated worth, power, knowledge, identity or a special relationship to a deity or famous person.

39
Q

Delusion of Jealousy

A

One’s sexual partner is unfaithful

40
Q

Nihilistic Delusion

A

Belief that one is dead or empty or that a calamity is impending or has taken place

41
Q

Paranoid Delusion/Delusions of Persecution

A

Belief that they or someone close to them is being attacked, harassed, cheated, persecuted or conspired against

42
Q

Delusions of Reference

A

Belief that unsuspicious occurrences (especially in media) refer to them specifically

43
Q

Somatic Delusions

A

Belief that one’s body is abnormal in appearance or function

44
Q

Thought Broadcasting Delusion

A

Belief that one’s thoughts are being broadcast out loud so that they can be perceived by other people

45
Q

Thought Insertion Delusion

A

Certainty that one’s thoughts are not their own, but are inserted into their mind

46
Q

Magical Thinking

A

The erroneous belief that one’s words, thoughts, or actions will cause or prevent a specific outcome in some way which defies commonly understood laws of cause and effect

47
Q

Obsessions

A

A consistent and unwanted thought that intrudes into consciousness despite efforts to suppress it

48
Q

Overvalued Ideas

A

An illogical or false idea that is held relatively firmly, though not quite with delusional intensity

49
Q

Phobia

A

A persistent, irrational fear or a specific object, activity or situation that results in a compelling desire to avoid it

50
Q

Preoccupation

A

Term used to describe a topic or recurrent theme that is unduly prominent in the person’s thought and conversation, even when other topics are raised

51
Q

Deja vu

A

The feeling that one has experienced a particular moment before

52
Q

Depersonalisation

A

An alteration in the perception or experience of the self so that one feels detached to one’s mental process or body - as if one is an outside observer

53
Q

Derealisation

A

An alteration in the perception or experience of the external world so that it seems strange or unreal

54
Q

Hallucination

A

Perception without a stimulus

55
Q

Illusion

A

A misperception or misinterpretation of a real external stimulus

56
Q

Jaimais vu

A

Feeling of unfamiliarity in a situation or an environment that is actually familiar

57
Q

Confabulation

A

The fabrication of ideas and circumstances that are not consistent with reality - usually accompanies severe memory impairment

Psychiatry (5 decks)

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