phenetics v. cladistics

Question 1

The study of relationships among a group of organisms on the basis of the degree of similarity between them, be that similarity molecular, phenotypic, or anatomical.

Answer 1

phenetics

Question 2

A tree-like network expressing phenetic relationships

Answer 2

phenogram or a phylogentic tree

Question 3

Considers as many characteristics as possible to classify organisms into groups based on overall similarity

Does not necessarily attempt to reconstruct evolutionary relationships, just to produce groups that can be named

Answer 3

phenetics

Question 4

The study of the pathways of evolution.
* are interested in the branching sequence

Answer 4

cladistics

Question 5

A ladder-like network that expresses such ancestor-descendant relationships

Answer 5

cladogram

Question 6

Seeks to determine the order in which evolutionary lines diverged or branched

Organisms are assigned to a group because they share unique derived characteristics not found in other organisms

Answer 6

cladistics

Question 7

is essentially phenetic, that is, it groups organisms with similar characteristics together into a hierarchial series of levels or grades

Answer 7

Linnaean classification

Question 8

evolutionary history of the development of a taxon

Answer 8

phylogeny

Question 9

name designating an organism or group of organisms.

is assigned a rank and can be placed at a particular level in a systematic hierarchy reflecting evolutionary relationships

Answer 9

taxon

Question 10

Cladistics: system of arranging taxa by analysis of derived characteristics Derived characters: unique characteristics which evolved from a common ancestor

Answer 10

Hierarchy: ranking or ordering

Question 11

a taxon or group consisting of a single species and all of its descendents

Answer 11

clade

Question 12

diagram of evolutionary relationships

Answer 12

cladogram