PHC Flashcards
Arthritic Pain
Voltaren Rapid 25 (diclofenac): 2 initially, then 1-2 q6-8h *m8
Voltaren Osteo Gel (diclofenac): paa bd for 3 weeks max
Panadol Osteo (paracetamol): 2 tid *m6
Bacterial Vaginosis
Fleustat Gel (astrodimer sodium): 1 applicator full every night for 7 days
Nappy Rash
Canesten Cream (clotrimazole): paa bd-tid, continue for 14 days after symptom resolution
DermAid Soft Cream (hydrocortisone): paa bd for 7 days
SudoCrem (zinc oxide): paa after every nappy change
Gout
Voltaren Rapid 25 (diclofenac): 2 initially, then 1-2 q6-8 *m8
Chesty Cough
Duro-tuss Chesty Forte liquid (bromhexine, guafenesin):
(6-12) 5mL q4-6 hours
(12+) 10 mL q4-6 hours
Duro-tuss Chesty Forte tablets: (12+) 1 q4-6h
Mouth Ulcer (Canker Sore)
Kenalog in Orabase (triamcinolone in protective base): DAB onto the affected area up to tid (1 dose should be before bed), app after food and drink
Difflam Anti-inflammatory Mouth Gel (benzydamine): Massage 1cm onto affected area q2-3h *m12
Teething
Bonjela Gel (choline salicylate): paa q3h *m6
Panadol (paracetamol): 15mg/kg (max. 500mg) q4-6h
Nurofen (ibuprofen): 5-10mg/kg (max. 400mg) tid-qid
Athlete’s Foot
Lamisil Once Film Forming Solution (terbinafine) (15+):
1. Wash and dry the area
2. Apply to both feet and cover the entire area (including the sole, sides and toes)
3. Allow the solution to dry (1-2 mins)
4. Do not wash off for 24 hours
Resolve Antifungal Powder (miconazole): puff onto the affected area bd, continue for 14 days after symptom resolution
Jock Itch
Resolve Antifungal Powder (miconaozle): puff onto the affected area bd, continue for 14 days after symptom resolution
Ringworm
Lamisil Cream (terbinafine): paa and surrounding area d for 7 days
Onychomycosis
Loceryl (amorolfine):
1. Wash and dry the affected area (also wash hands)
2. File the infected area of the nail
3. Apply the lacquer over entire surface 1-2 times weekly
Rejuvenail (ciclopirox):
1. Wash and dry the affected area (also wash hands)
2. Apply the lacquer over the entire nail and 5mm surrounding area and under the nail bed
3. Cannot be washed for 6 hours, best to do it at night
4. Repeat daily
Morning sickness (weeks 6-14 gestation)
TravaCalm Ginger: 2-3 tabs initially then 1 q2h prn
Opt. for multivitamin without iron, re-initiate iron at week 14 when demand increases
Headache/migraine
Nausrelief (prochlorperazine): 4 tabs initially, then 2 tabs after 2 hours prn
OR
1-2 tid prn
Imigran (sumatriptan): 1 tab initilly, then 1 tab after 2 horus
Panadol (paracetamol): 500mg qid prn
Nurofen (nurofen):
(12+) 2 tabs, then 1-2 tabs q4-6 hours *m6
(7-12) 1 tab q4-6 hours *m4
Nausea / travel sickness
Kwells (hyoscine hydrobromide):
(12+): 1-2 initially (30 mins before departure), then 1 q4-6h *m4
Kwells Junior (hyoscine hydrobromide):
(8-12): 1-2 tabs 30 mins before departure then 1 q4-6 hours *m4
(2-8): 0.5 tab q4-6 hours *m2
Phenergan (promethazine): 1 q4-6h *m4
TravaCalm Ginger: 2-3 tabs initially then 1 q2h prn
Diarrhoea
Gastro-stop (loperamide): 2 tabs initially then 1 after every bowel movement *m8
Hydralyte ready-to-use Electrolyte Solutions:
(0-3) 100mL every 90 minutes
(3-6) 100mL every 60 minutes
(6-12) 100mL every 30 minutes
(12+) 200mL every 30 minutes
OR Hydralyte effervescent tablets (2 tabs = 200mL) *same dose as above
Constipation
Metamucil Fibre Caps (psyllium husk): 2 d, up to tid (increase gradually)
Movicol (macrogol): 1 sachet d, up to 3 sachets d
Movicol Jnr (macrogol): 2 sachets d, up to 4
Ducolax (bisacodyl): 1-3 tabs at night
Coloxyl with Senna (docusate with senna): 1-2 bb, *m4
Cystitis
Ural Sachets (sodium bicarbonate, sodium citrate, tartaric acid, citric acid): 1-2 sachets up to qid
DO NOT USE WITH quinolones and nitrofurantoin
Herpes Simplex (Cold Sore)
Elovax (famciclovir): (18+) 1 dose (3 tabs)
Zovirax (aciclovir): paa 5 times daily for 4-5 days
Zovirax Duo (aciclovir): paa 5 times d for 4-5 days
Compeed Cold Sore patches: can be worn for up to 12 hours
Dysmenorrhoea
Naprogesic (naproxen): 2 tabs initially then 1 q6-8 hours
Ponstan (mefenamic acid): 2 tid prn
Dry/Red Eyes
Systane ULTRA (propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, benzylakonium as preservative): 1b q1-12h prn
Systane ULTA PRESERVATIVE FREE vials (polyethylene glycol, propylene glycol): 1b q1-12h prn
Visine Clear Eyes (tetryzoline): 1-2 up to qid prn for maximum of 5 days
Ear Wax
Waxsol (docusate):
1. Fill the ear canal with the drops
2. Moisten a bit of cotton wool with the drops and use as a plug for the ear
3. Leave overnight and remove plug in the morning
4. Repeat on second night ONLY
Clean Ears Spray (squalene oil, mineral oil, spearmint oil): 1-2 sprays tid until wax dissolves
*can use 1 spray weekly for maintenance
Insomnia
Circadin (melatonin): 1 1-2 hours bb
Restavit (doxylamine): 1-2 tabs 30 mins bb for a max of 10 days
Otitis Externa (Swimmer’s Ear)
Ear Clear Swimmer’s Ear (acetic acid, isopropyl alcohol):
1. 4-6 drops after swimming or bathing
2. Leave the ear tilted for 1 minute
3. Repeat in the other ear
Analgesia as prn
Xerostomia (Dry Mouth)
Biotene Dry Mouth Spray (water, glycerin, sorbitol, xylitol):
1. Spray onto tongue and cheek
2. Use the tongue to spread evenly
3. Use prn
Biotene Dry Mouth Gel (glycerine, sorbitol, xylitol, water)
1. Apply 1-2cm of gel onto the tongue
2. Use tongue to spread evenly within mouth
3. Use prn
Dental (halitosis and dental caries)
Curasept Mouth Wash (chlorhexidine)
Gargle 10mL for 1 min bd
* do not eat or drink for 30 minutes after
* use for 2 weeks, if longer treatment is needed take a 1 week break before starting again
Neutrafluor (fluoride - enamel remineralisation to decrease the risk of cavities): Brush teeth for 2 minutes bd
* for >6, do not rinse out to promote salivary uptake of fluoride
* do not eat or drink for 30 minutes after brushing
* only for those who have confirmed dental caries by dentist or medical practitioner
Oral Thrush
Nilstat (nystatin): 1mL qid until symptoms resolved, use for 2-3 days after resolution
Daktarin Oral Gel (miconazole):
> 2 years: 1/2 tsp (2.5mL) qid for 7-12 days, continue for 7 days after resolution
Herpes zoster (Shingles)
Analgesia prn
Nervoderm (lignocaine) patches (18+): Apply up to 3 patches to the affected area and leave on for 12 hours, followed by a 12-hour period of no patch
*Do NOT apply to broken skin (common in acute phase)
Common warts
DuoFilm Solution (salicylic acid and lactic acid): 2+
1. Soak the area in warm water for 5 minutes
2. Use a pumice stone/nail file to file down the area taking care not to cause any bleeding
3. Apply the solution to only the affected skin
* can apply petroleum jelly to the surround healthy tissue
* Use a foam cushion with hole in the middle to cover the surrounding tissue
4. Reapply daily until cleared
Common warts (HPV)
DuoFilm Solution (salicylic acid and lactic acid): 2+
1. Soak the area in warm water for 5 minutes
2. Use a pumice stone/nail file to file down the area taking care not to cause any bleeding
3. Apply the solution to only the affected skin and allow to dry
* can apply petroleum jelly to the surround healthy tissue
* Use a foam cushion with hole in the middle to cover the surrounding tissue
4. Reapply daily until cleared
*PLANTAR warts need to be covered with a dressing after
Vaginal Thrush
Canesten (clotrimazole)
- Internal cream (1,3,6 days): applicator full bb
- Pessary (1,6 days): bb
Canesoral (fluconazole) (18+): 1 capsule
Cradle Cap
Egozite lotion (salicylic acid):
paa bd for 3-5 days before washing the hair
Can repeat after for another 3-5 days
Reflux
Gavison Dual Action LIQUID: (sodium alginate, sodium bicarbonate, calcium carbonate)
(6-12) 10mL up to qid 1-3 hours after meals
(12+) 10-20mL up to qid 1-3 hours after meals
Gaviscon Dual Action CHEWABLE TABLETS:
(6-12) 2 tabs up to qid
(12+) 4 tabs up to qid
Nexium (esomeprazole) (18+): 1 30-60 mins before meal for 7-14 days *once daily at time symptoms are worst
Bacterial conjunctivitis
Chlorsig drops (chloramphenicol): 1b q2h while awake for 2 days then 1b qid for 5 days
Chlorsig ointment (chloramphenical): paa tid/qid
Allergic conjunctivitis
Eyezep (azelastine): > 4 years - 1 bd up to qid prn
Telfast (fexofenadine): (12+) 180mg daily
Telfast Kids (fexofenadine): (6-12) 5mL bd
Sore throat
Difflam Plus Sore Throat Spray (benzydamine, lignocaine, dichlorobenyl alcohol):
(12+) 3 sprays q3-4 hours *m7
Difflam Plus Sore Throat Lozenges (benzydamine, lignocaine, dichlorobenzyl alcohol):
(6+) 1 q2-3 hours *m12
Betadine Sore Throat Gargle (povidone iodine): 1mL concentrate, add 19mL water
1. Gargle for 30 seconds q3-4 hours
Haemorrhoids
Proctosedyl (hydrocortisone, cinchocaine):
Apply to the affected areas up to tid after a bowel movement for up to 7 days
Coloxyl (docusate): 2 eve
Anal Fissure
Rectogesic (glyceryl trinitrate): 1-1.5cm into canal tid for at least 2 weeks
Dry Cough
Durotuss Dry Cough Liquid (pholcodine)
(6-12) 5-10 mL q6h
(12+) 10-15mL q6h
Bisolvon Dry Cough Pastilles (dextromethorphan)
(6-12) 1 q4-6h *m6
(12+) 1-3 q4-6h *
Rikodeine (dihydrocodeine)
(18+) 5-10mL q4-6h
Congestion
Sudafed Sinus and Nasal Congestion (pseudoephedrine)
1 q4-6h *m4
Sufafed PE Nasal Congestion (phenylephrine):
1 q4h prn *m6
Drixine Nasal Spray (oxymetazoline):
2-3b bd for 5 days max
Allergic Rhinitis
Telfast (fexofenadine 180mg): 1 daily
Azep nasal spray (azelastine): (5+) 1b bd
Nasonex (mometasone):
(2-12) 1b d
(12+) 2b d until symptoms improve or for 7 days then 1b d
Weight management
Xenical (orlistat):
1 tid with meals or up to 1 hour after (if >30% fat content)
Thread worms
Combantrin chocolate squares (pyrental)
* safe in pregnancy, children > 1 year
~ 10mg/kg and 1 square is 100mg (max 7 squares)
Single dose then repeat after 14 days
Combantrin-1 (mebendazole)
*avoid in first trimester, safe in children > 6 months
Single chewable tablet, repeat after 14 days
Strains/sprains
RICE (rest, ice, compression, elevation) crucial for first 48 hours
AVOID in first 48 hours HARM (heat, alcohol, running/exercise, massage)
Voltaren emugel (diclofenac): paa tid/qid for max 2 weeks
Voltaren Rapid 25 (diclofenac): 2 initially, then 1-2 q6-8 hours *m8
Head lice
KP24 FOAM (malathion) > 6 months
1. Apply foam to dry hair, enough to cover scalp, back of ears and neck (massage 5 minutes)
2. Leave on for 30 minutes
3. Wash off with water
4. Using a fine tooth comb run through the entire head
5. Repeat after 7 days
Hedrin-15 Gel (dimeticone)
1. Apply to dry hair from root to tip
2. Leave on for 15 minutes
3. Wash off with shampoo
4. Use a fine tooth comb to run through hair
5. Repeat after 7 days
Dandruff
Neutrogena T/Gel Shampoo (Coal tar) (2+)
1. Massage into wet scalp
2. Leave for a few minutes
3. Rinse out thoroughly
4. Can be used 1 weekly up to 1 d
Nizoral (ketoconazole) shampoo (12+):
1. Massage onto wet scalp/hair
2. Leave for a few minutes
3. Rinse out thoroughly
4. Twice weekly
Hair Loss
Regaine Extra Strength Foam (minoxidil) (18+)
1. part hair to exposure the hair loss area
2. Shake the can and holding directly upside down, dispense half a capful onto hands
3. Distribute product onto the affected areas only and let dry
4. Wash hands and unaffected skin after application
5. MEN twice daily WOMEN once daily
*wait 1 hour before putting on any hats, scarves, etc
* wait 4 hours before washing the hair
Analgesia
Panadol (paracetamol)
< 12: 15mg/kg (max 500mg) q4-6 hours *m4000mg
12+: 500mg tid *m8
Nurofen (ibuprofen)
< 12: 5-10mg/kg (max 400mg) tid/qid
12+: 1-2 tid/qid *m6
Burns/sunburns
Soov Minor Burn Spray (lignocaine)
1. Wet the area with cool water and then dry
2. Spray (10cm away) enough to make the affected area wet
3. Use up to qid prn
Solosite (hydrogel)
paa prn to maintain moisture
Acne
Benzac Gel (benzoyl peroxide)
1. Wash and dry face
2. Apply to the affected areas
3. Wash off after 2 hours, repeat this for 3 nights
4. If no irritation, you can leave it overnight
5. After 7 days increase to bd or increase the strength
Azclear Medication Lotion (azleic acid)
paa bd
SKINCARE
LaRoche Posay Effaclar Cleanser
LaRoche Posay Effaclar Duo Moisturiser (Effeclar K+ if extra oily skin)
LaRoche Posay Anthelios XL SPF50+ sunscreen
