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Phases Of Gait Flashcards

1
Q

Gait separated into 2 phases

A

Stance (foot in contact w/ground) and Swing (foot not in contact w/ground)

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2
Q

% Stance vs Swing

A

60% stance and 40% swing

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3
Q

Stance phase separated into 2 support phases

A

Double and single limb support

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4
Q

DLS time vs SLS time - normal and change in walking speed

A

Normal DLS time = 10% at the beginning and end of stance phase (20% total)

DLS time decreases w/increased walking speed and disappears with running

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5
Q

Gait cycle definition

A

Time from a gait event on one leg to the same gait event on the same leg (eg. RT IC to RT IC)

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6
Q

Stride v Step lengths

A

Stride = distance from IC on one leg to IC on same leg
Step = distance from IC on one leg to IC on other leg

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7
Q

Cadence definition

A

steps per unit time

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8
Q

Line of progression definition

A

Line parallel to direction of motion

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9
Q

Where is CoG relative to base of support in static equillibrium

A

CoG is within BOS
CoP of feet is used to manipulate location of CoG

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10
Q

Base of support definition, normal BOS

A

Area bound by feet (or other gait aids in contact with ground)
Normal BOS walking = 2-4” between center of heels
Normal BOS standing = shoulder width

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11
Q

Foot progression angle definition, normal

A

Long axis of foot relative to LOP
Normal = 5-7˚ (F less than M)

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12
Q

4 general goals of gait/locomotion

A

Propulsion
Stance stability
Shock absorption
Energy conservation

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13
Q

6 determinants of gait (Inman)

A

Pelvic rotation & tilt (obliquity)
Knee flexion in stance
Foot mechanisms (rockers)
Knee and ankle interaction
Lateral displacement of pelvis

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14
Q

5 prerequisites of gait (Perry)

A

Stability in stance
Clearance in swing
Preposition foot in TS
Adequate step length
Energy conservation

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15
Q

7 principles of gait (Gard & Fatone)

A

Gait initiation and termination
Balance and upright posture
Stability of stance limb
Execution of stepping motino
Forward progression / propulsion
Shock absorption
Energy conservation

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16
Q

3 rockers of gait
*4th

A

1st = heel rocker
2nd = ankle rocker
3rd = forefoot rocker
4th = toe rocker

17
Q

1st rocker definition, action

A

PF during LR controlled by eccentric ankle DF

18
Q

2nd rocker definition, action

A

DF from MS to TS
Forward progression of shank relative to foot controlled by eccentric PF

19
Q

3rd rocker definition, action

A

PF in PreSw via concentric PF
MTPJ extension

20
Q

4th rocker definition, action

A

PF in PreSw via passive recoil of PF muscles

21
Q

Phases of gait (Perry) for stance phase

A

Initial contact
Loading response
Midstance
Terminal stance
Preswing

22
Q

Phases of gait (Perry) for swing phase

A

Initial swing
Mid swing
Terminal swing

23
Q

Weight acceptance is made up of which phases

24
Q

Stance limb progression is made up of which phases

25
Q

Swing advancement is made up of which phases

A

PreSw, initial/mid/terminal swing

26
Q

Goals/function - IC

A

Position foot for ground contact
Transfer weight to stance limb
Stable load bearing
Shock absorption

27
Q

Goals/function - LR

A

Shock absorption
Completely transfer weight
Begin SLS
Limb stabilization
Maintain smooth progression

28
Q

What is the primary means for shock absorption in LR

A

Knee flexion

29
Q

Goals/function - MS

A

Maintain forward momentum/progression
Stable weight bearing

30
Q

Goals/function - TS

A

Allow mass to progress over foot
Provide forward acceleration for adequate step length
Prepare for opposite foot to contact ground
Stable weight bearing

31
Q

Goals/function - PreSw

A

Prepare limb for swing phase
Aid in transferring load to opposite limb
Continued floor contact to assist w/balance as body weight is transferred to opposite limb

32
Q

Goals/function - Initial swing

A

Prepare for swing phase clearance and limb advancement
Actions facilitate progression and allow for variable cadence

33
Q

Motions occurring in initial swing

A

Continued PF (inertia) followed by rapid DF
Continued knee flexion
Hip flexion for clearance
Pelvic obliquity for shock absorption

34
Q

Goals/function - Mid swing

A

Limb advancement
Floor clearance

35
Q

Motions occurring in mid swing

A

Continued DF for clearance
Maintain knee flexion for clearance (~40˚ required)
Continue hip flexion for clearance

36
Q

Goals/function - Terminal swing

A

Complete step length
Preposition in preparation for initial contact

37
Q

Motions occurring in terminal swing

A

Knee and ankle neutral
Hip flexed

38
Q

When is CoM at highest and lowest points

A

CoM highest in MS
CoM lowest at IC/LR

Gait (5 decks)

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