Phase test 2 Flashcards
Duodenal and gastric ulcers, previously thought to be ________ related.
stress and lifestyle
Duodenal and gastric ulcers are now known to be caused by ________
H. pylori
In a small number of cases Duodenal and gastric ulcers can lead to _________
carcinomas or lymphomas
Non-ionising radiation
UV light
Low frequency
non-ionising radiation
Helium nucleus
alpha particle
Short wavelength
X-ray
Electron
beta particle
High-risk HPV
cervical cancer
Low-risk HPV
genital warts
Bax inhibition
reduced apoptosis
Nitrosamine
areca
Burkitts lymphoma
EBV epstein-barr virus
CA-125
Ovarian Cancer
CA15-3
Breast cancer
PSA
Prostate cancer
Eutopic hormone production describes
Excess hormone production by the correct endocrine tissue
Ectopic syndrome describes
Hormone production at a different site by non-endocrine tissues (that doesn’t usually perform this function)
Cacitonin
Is a marker used in the assessment of thyroid cancer
hCG
Is useful in the assessment of testicular tumours
Alpha-fetoprotein is a useful biochemical marker for cancer in which organ?
Liver
Why are biochemical markers measured in serum
Biochemical markers may be useful in diagnosis but are most useful in monitoring the treatment
Tissue specimens are commonly embedded in paraffin wax because
The paraffin wax acts as a rigid substance allowing thin sections to be cut and the wax preserves the sample integrity during processing
Fixation is an important step performed immediately after sample collection, what solutions are used for fixation?
4-10% formaldehyde water
