Phase Diagrams And Solids

Question 1

Phase Diagram

Answer 1

Specifies physical state of a substance as temperature and pressure varies

Question 2

Solid state typically occurs at

Answer 2

Higher pressure and lower temperature

Question 3

Liquid state typically occurs at

Answer 3

Higher pressure and tempurature

Question 4

Gas state typically occurs at

Answer 4

lower pressure and higher temperature

Question 5

Solid particles:

Answer 5

• Jiggle in place

Question 6

Liquid particles:

Answer 6

• Are close together
• Roll and tumble around each other

Question 7

Gaseous particles:

Answer 7

are far apart

Question 8

What is happening along the solid lines betweeen states on a phase diagram?

Answer 8

Phase changes are happening at an equal rate. (Phases in equilibrium)

Question 9

What happens beyond the critical point?

Answer 9

The distinction between liquid and gas dissapears.

Question 10

What is happening at the triple point?

Answer 10

The three phases are in equilibrium

Question 11

What do heating curves compare?

Answer 11

Tempurature to energy(heat) added

Question 12

Atoms in crystalline solids are:

Answer 12

Arranged in an orderly way

Question 13

Atoms in amorphous solids:

Answer 13

Are not arranged in any orderly pattern

Question 14

Amorphous solids:

Answer 14

• have random bond strengths(high variability)
• melt gradually(over a range)
• break into random shapes

Question 15

Isotropic

Answer 15

Respond to the same to forces from any direction

Question 16

Anisotropic

Answer 16

Responding differently to forces, depending on direction of impact

Question 17

Molecular Crystalline solids

Answer 17

Made of covalent compounds that form an order crystalline structure, molecules remain unchanged, relatively low melting points, soft

Question 18

Ionic crystalline solids

Answer 18

Made of ionic compounds, often soluble in water, with high melting points

Question 19

Atomic crystalline solids

Answer 19

Made of individual atoms. Three groups; network, group 18 solids, and metals

Question 20

Closest packing arrangements

Answer 20

The most efficient way to pack atoms into a space

Question 21

Crystalline solids

Answer 21

• arranged in orderly ways
• all bonds have same strength; break to same mount of force
• specific melting temperatures
• more brittle than amorphous solids