PHASE CHEMISTRY & COLLIGATIVE PROPERTIES Flashcards
phase change
conversion from one state of matter to another
heat of fusion
energy required to change a solid at its melting point to a liquid
heat of vaporization
energy required to change a liquid at its boiling point to a gas
heat of sublimation
energy required to change a solid directly to a gas
critical temperature
temp beyond which a gas cannot be compressed
critical pressure
pressure needed to compress liquid at critical pressure
supercritical fluid
temp beyond critical temp
types of solutions
solute
solvent
solution
homogeneous
heterogeneous
unsaturated
saturated
super saturated
vapour pressure
pressure exerted by a vapour when it is in dynamic equilibrium with its liquid at fixed temp.
Raoult’s Law
the vapour pressure of a component in a solution is directly proportional t the mole fraction of that component in the solution
Raoults Law - The asssumption
no IMF of either attraction or repulsion between molecules present
Raoult’s Law - nonvolatile solute
vapour pressure of solution will be less that=n that of the pure solvent
Raoults Law - 2 volatile components
total pressure above the solution is the sum of the individual particle pressures as calculated using raoult’s laws
daltons law of partial pressures
Ptotal = P(A) + P(B)
osmotic pressure
pressure applied to a solution to stop the passage through semi permeable membrane o solvent molecules from the pure solvent
