Phase 1 Flashcards
What is the SORM used for?
To cover the basic principles of USS Abraham Lincoln
How many objectives of First Aid are there?
3
What are the three objectives of first aid?
Prevent further injury, Infection, and loss of life
How many areas can First Aid be categorized into?
Bleeding, Burns, Fractures, Electric Shock, Obstructed Airways, Heat Related Injuries, Cold Weather Injuries, Shock
How many methods are there to control bleeding?
4
What are the four methods to control bleeding?
Direct Pressure, Elevation, Pressure Points, Tourniquet(Last Resort)
What is a Pressure Point?
Point on the body where a main artery lies near the skin surface to cover a bone
How many principal pressure points are there on each side of the body?
11 or 22 each side
What are the eleven pressure points?
Temple, jaw, neck,collar bone, inner upper arm, inner elbow, wrist, upper thigh, groin, knee, ankle
How many classifications of burns are there?
3
What are the symptoms of a first degree burn?
Produces redness, warmth, and mild pain
What are the symptoms of a Second Degree Burn?
Causes red, blistered skin and severe pain
What are the Symptoms of a Third Degree Burn?
Destroys tissue, skin and bone in severe cases, however pain may be absent due to nerve endings destroyed
What is the most severe class of burns?
Third Degree Burn
How many types of fractures are there?
2
What is a “closed/simple” fracture?
Broken bone without a break in the skin
What is an “open/closed” fracture?
Has a break in the skin with possible bone protrusion
What are some indicators of an obstructed airway?
Inability to talk, grasping and pointing to the throat, exaggerated breathing efforts, skin turning bluish color
How many types of heat related injuries are there?
2
What are the two types of Heat related injuries?
Heat Exhaustion and Heat Stroke
What are some indications of Heat Exhaustion?
Disturbance of blood flow to brain, heart and lungs. Skin is cool, moist clammy. Pupils dilated. Body temp normal or high. Victim is usually sweating profusely
What are some indications of Heat Stroke?
Condition caused by breakdown of sweating mechanism of body. Victim is unable to eliminate excessive body heat buildup. Hot and/or dry skin. Uneven pupil dilation. Weak rapid pulse
How many types of cold weather injuries are there?
3
What are the three types of Cold Weather Injuries?
Hypothermia, Superficial Frostbite, Deep Frostbite
What is Hypothermia? What are the symptoms?
General cooling of the whole body caused by exposure to low or rapidly falling temperature, cold moisture, snow or ice. Victim may appear pale/unconscious may seem dead. Breathing is slow and shallow, pulse is faint or even undetectable. Body tissues feel semi-rigid, arms/legs may feel stiff
What is Superficial Frostbite?
When ice crystals are forming in upper skin layers after exposure to temperatures 32 or lower
What is deep frostbite?
When ice crystals are forming in the deeper tissues after exposure to temperatures 32 or lower
What is shock?
The body suffers from insufficient blood flow throughout the body as a result of a severe injury or illness
How many types of shock are there? What are they?
5; Septic shock, Anaphylactic Shock, Cariogenic Shock, Hypovolemic Shock, and Neurogenic Shock
What is Septic Shock?
Bacteria multiplying in the blood and releasing toxins
What is Anaphylactic Shock?
Severe hypersensitivity or allergic reaction
What is Cariogenic Shock?
Heart is damaged and unable to supply sufficient blood to body
What is Hypovolemic Shock?
Severe blood and fluid loss
What is Neurogenic Shock?
Spinal cord injury , usually result of traumatic accident or injury
What is CPR?
Combination of rescue breathing and chest compressions delivered to victims thought to be in cardiac arrest
What are the steps for CPR?
C/A/B; Circulation/Airway/Breathing
Why were the steps for CPR changed from A/B/C to C/A/B?
The importance chest compressions have on successful victim resuscitation
How many steps of the survival chain are there? What are they?
6; Recognition, Activation of CPR, Chest Compressions, AED/Defibrillator, Rapid Defibrillation, (EMTs, Ambulance) , Integrated Post- Cardiac Arrest Care
What does ORM stand for?
Operational Risk Management
What is ORM?
Process used to identify and manage hazards that endanger naval resources
How many steps are there to ORM? What are they?
5; Identify Hazards, Assess Hazards, Make risk decisions, Implement controls, Supervise
What does SORM stand for?
Ship Organization and Regulations Manual
How many classes of mishaps are there identified by the Naval Safety Program? What are they?
3 class; A/B/C
What constitutes for a class A Mishap?
Damage is $2 Million or more, or injury or occupational illness that results in fatality or permanent total disabity
What constitutes as a Class B mishap?
Damage is $500,000 or more, but less than $2 million, or injury or occupational illness that results in permanent partial disability
What constitutes as a Class C mishap?
Damage is 50,000 or more, but less than $500,000, Non -Fatal injury
What does PPE stand for?
Personal Protective Equipment
What are some examples of PPE?
Cranials , Eye Protection, Hearing Protection, Impact Protection, Gloves, Boots
What is Chemical Warfare?
Chemical agents that are intended for use in the military operations to kill, seriously injure, or incapacitate personnel due to their physiological effect
How many types of chemical agents are there ? What are they?
4; Nerve Agents , Blister Agents, Blood Agents, Choking Agents
What do nerve agents do? What are some examples of nerve agents?
Liquid casualty agents that disrupt nerve impulses
What do blister agents do? What are some examples?
Liquid or solid casualty agents cause inflammation, blisters, general distraction of tissues
What do blood ages do? What are some examples of blood agents?
Gaseous casualty eight is that a tech enzymes carrying oxygen in the bloodstream. Rapid breathing or choking
What do choking agents do? What are some examples of choking agents?
Gaseous or liquid agents with initial symptoms include, tears, dry throat nausea, vomiting, headache
What does M9 chemical agent detector paper do?
Detects presence of liquid chemical agents by turning red/reddish color
What is an Atropine/2-PAM chloride auto ejector used for?
Used as a specific therapy for nerve agent casualties
What is Biological Warfare?
Use of agents to cause disease, sickness, or death to reduce the effectiveness of opposing combatant forces
What is the basic division of biological agents?
Pathogens and toxins
What pathogens could be used as biological agents?
Bacteria, Rickettsia, Viruses, Fungi, Protozoa, Prions
What are the major groupings of toxins?
Mycotoxins, bacterial toxins, algal toxins, animal venoms, plant toxins
What are the primary groups based on physiological effect?
Neurotoxins, Cytotoxins, Enterotoxins, Dematiotoxins
What is IPE?
Individual protective equipment for CBR warfare
What are some types of IPE?
Protective mask MCU-2P with components(C-2 canister filter). Advanced Chemical protective Garment (ACPG). Chemical Protective Gloves and Liners. Chemical Protective Overboots and Laces. Skin decontamination kit
What is IPE?
Individual protective equipment for CBR warfare
What are some types of IPE?
Protective mask MCU-2P with components(C-2 canister filter). Advanced Chemical protective Garment (ACPG). Chemical Protective Gloves and Liners. Chemical Protective Overboots and Laces. Skin decontamination kit
What is IPE?
Individual protective equipment for CBR warfare
What are some types of IPE?
Protective mask MCU-2P with components(C-2 canister filter). Advanced Chemical protective Garment (ACPG). Chemical Protective Gloves and Liners. Chemical Protective Overboots and Laces. Skin decontamination kit
