Pharynx & Esophagus

Question 1

What is the Latin name of the isthmus of fauces?

Answer 1

Isthmus faucium

Question 2

Name the important item found between the palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal arches.

Answer 2

Palatine tonssil

Question 3

List the muscles of the palate.

Answer 3

Musculus uvulae, tensor veli palatini, levator veli palatini, palatopharyngeus and palatoglossus muscles

Question 4

What are the two main parts of the oral cavity?

Answer 4

Oral vestibule
Oral cavity proper

Question 5

How many deciduous teeth are there?

Answer 5

20

baby teeth

Question 6

How many permanent teeth are there?

Answer 6

32

Question 7

Name the parts of the tongue.

Answer 7

Radix linguae
Corpus linguae
Apex linguae

root, body, apex

Question 8

List the extrinsic muscles of the tongue.

Answer 8

Genioglossus m.
Hyoglossus m.
Styloglossus m.
Palatoglossus m.

Question 9

List the intrinsic muscles of the tongue.

Answer 9

Superior longitudinal m.
Inferior longitudinal m.
Transverse m.
Vertical m.

Question 10

Name the artery that supplies the tongue, and its source artery.

Answer 10

Lingual artery, source: External carotid artery

Question 11

Which nerve supplies the intrinsic muscles of the tongue?

Answer 11

Hypoglossal n. (CNXII)

Question 12

Which nerve is responsible for the general and taste sensation of the anterior two-thirds of
the tongue?

Answer 12

Lingual n. for sensation (from mandibular branch of Trigeminal nerve CV)
Chorda tympani (from Facial nerve)

Question 13

Which muscle forms the greater part of the oral diaphragm?

Answer 13

Mylohyoid muscle

Question 14

Where does the parotid duct open into the oral cavity?

Answer 14

Parotid duct (Stenson duct) enters the oral cavity through a small orifice opposite the second maxillary molar.

Second Maxillary Molar is the answer

Question 15

Which muscle is pierced by the parotid duct?

Answer 15

Buccinator m.

Question 16

List the items of the Waldeyer’s lymphatic ring.

Answer 16

Pharyngeal tonsil
Tubal tonsil
Palatine tonsil
Lingual tonsil

Question 17

List the major parts of the pharynx

Answer 17

Nasopharynx
Oropharynx
Laryngopharynx

Question 18

Where does the nasal cavity communicate with the pharynx?

Answer 18

Choanae (posterior nares)

Question 19

Where is the pharyngeal tonsil situated?

Answer 19

The posterior wall of the nasopharynx, near the opening of the auditory tube (aka Eustachian tube)

Nasopharynx for short

Question 20

Which part of the pharynx does the Eustachian tube open into?

Answer 20

Nasopharynx

Question 21

List the pharyngeal levators.

Answer 21

Stylopharyngeus m.
Salpingopharyngeus m.
Palatopharyngeus m.

Question 22

List the pharyngeal constrictors.

Answer 22

Superior constrictor m.
Middle constrictor m.
Inferior constrictor m.

Question 23

Name the nerve which innervates the muscles of the pharynx.

Answer 23

Vagus nerve and Glassopharyngeal nerve (innervates stylopharyngeus)

Question 24

Which nerve runs in the oesophagotracheal groove?

Answer 24

Recurrent laryngeal n. (from Vagus)

Question 25

Name the physiological constrictions of the oesophagus.

Answer 25

1) Cervical/Cricopharyngeal Constriction: C5/6
2) Thoracic/Aortic Constriction: T4
2) Abdominal/Diaphragmatic Hiatus Constriction: T10/11

Angustia cricoidea
Angustia aortica
Angustia diaphragmatica