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Neurology Exam 1 > Pharyngeal Arches > Flashcards

Pharyngeal Arches Flashcards

1
Q

How many clefts and pouches are found in a 5 week embryo?

A

4 clefts

4 pouches

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2
Q

Arch 1 skeletal components:

A 
Meckel's Cartilage
Maxilla
Mandible
Malleus
Incus
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3
Q

Arch 2 skeletal components:

A

Ventral: Lesser horn and upper body of the hyoid
Dorsal: Styloid process and stapes

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4
Q

Arch 3 skeletal components:

A

Greater horn

Lower body of hyoid

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5
Q

Arch 4/6 skeletal components:

A

Both: Arytenoid Cartilage

4th: Thyroid cartilage
6th: Cricoid cartilage

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6
Q

Arch 1 Muscle Derivatives:

A

Muscles of Mastication
Anterior belly of digastric
Mylohyoid
Tensors

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7
Q

Arch 2 Muscle Derivatives:

A

Muscles of Facial Expression
Posterior belly of Digastric
Stylohyoid
Stapedius

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8
Q

Arch 3 Muscle Derivatives:

A

Only Stylopharyngeus

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9
Q

Arch 4 Muscle Derivatives:

A

Cricothyroid
Pharyngeal Constrictors
Levator Palatani

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10
Q

Arch 6 Muscle Derivatives:

A

Intrinsic muscles of the larynx

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11
Q

Arch 1 Nerves:

A

Trigeminal

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12
Q

Arch 2 Nerves:

A

Facial

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13
Q

Arch 3 Nerves:

A

Glossopharyngeal

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14
Q

Arch 4 Nerves:

A

Vagus

Superior Laryngeal

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15
Q

Arch 6 Nerves:

A

Recurrent Laryngeal

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16
Q

Arch 1 Arteries:

A

Maxillary

17
Q

Arch 2 Arteries:

A

Stapedial

18
Q

Arch 3 Arteries:

A

Internal Carotid

19
Q

Arch 4 Arteries:

A

Aortic Arch

Right Subclavian

20
Q

Arch 6 Arteries:

A

Ductus Arteriosus

Roots of pulmonary arteries

21
Q

What does the 1st cleft and palate do?

A

Push together to form external auditory meatus and middle ear

22
Q

What forms where the 1st cleft and palate meet?

A

Tympanic membrane (only endo and ectoderm no mesoderm)

23
Q

What occurs with the 2nd pouch?

A

Epithelium dives into the mesoderm in the 5th week
Mesoderm reverses the process in the 7th week and infiltrates endodermal tissue leaving a space for lymph tissue to enter

24
Q

What does the 2nd pouch form?

A

Palatine tonsils

25
Q

What does the third pouch form?

A

Ventral wing: Thymus

Dorsal wing: Inferior Parathyroid glands

26
Q

What does the fourth pouch form?

A

Ventral wing: Ultimobranchial body which becomes the C cells of the thyroid
Dorsal wing: Superior thyroid glands

27
Q

What is the foramen cecum?

A

Epithelial proliferation that the thyroid gland develops from (thyroid is endodermal) as the thyroid descends it maintains connection to the foramen cecum via the thyroglossal duct

28
Q

What is the pyramidal lobe a remnant of?

A

Thyroglossal duct

29
Q

What is the non-closure of the thyroglossal duct called?

A

Thyroglossal cyst

30
Q

What does the second cleft proliferate to do?

A

Mesoderm of 2nd cleft proliferates over to connect to cover the 4th cleft leaving a sinus

31
Q

What is it called if the 2nd cleft does not close over clefts 3 and 4?

A

Branchial fistula

Neurology Exam 1 (6 decks)

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