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Development > Pharyngeal Arches > Flashcards

Pharyngeal Arches Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two main sources of the mesenchyme core of the pharyngeal arch?

A

Mesoderm and neural crest

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2
Q

What is the name of the first pharyngeal arch?

A

Mandibular arch

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3
Q

Name the muscles derived from the first pharyngeal arch

A 
Muscles of mastication
Ant. Belly of digastric
Mylohyoid
Tensor tympani 
Tensor veli palatini
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4
Q

Name the skeletal elements derived from the first pharyngeal arch

A 
Maxilla
Zygoma
Mandible
Malleus
Incus
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5
Q

Name the nervous supply to structures derived from the first pharyngeal arch

A

Trigeminal

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6
Q

Name the arteries that supply structures of the first pharyngeal arch

A

Maxillary

External carotid

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7
Q

What is the name of the second pharyngeal arch?

A

Hyoid arch

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8
Q

Name the muscles derived from the second pharyngeal arch

A

Muscles of facial expression
Stapedius
Stylohyoid
Posterior belly of digastric

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9
Q

Name the skeletal elements derived from the second pharyngeal arch

A

Styloid process
Stylohyoid ligament
Lesser horn and upper body of hyoid bone

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10
Q

Name the nervous supply to structures of the second pharyngeal arch

A

Facial

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11
Q

Name the muscle derived from the third pharyngeal arch

A

Stylopharyngeus

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12
Q

Name the skeletal derivatives of the third pharyngeal arch

A

Greater horn of hyoid and lower body

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13
Q

Name the nervous supply to the third pharyngeal arch

A

Glossopharyngeal

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14
Q

Name the vascular derivative of the third pharyngeal arch

A

Common carotid arteries

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15
Q

Name the musculature derived from the 4th and 6th pharyngeal arches

A

4th - muscles of the pharynx

6th - muscles of the larynx

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16
Q

Name the nervous and arterial supply of the fourth pharyngeal arch

A

Vagus - superior laryngeal

Left gives aortic arch, right gives subclavian

17
Q

Which nerve supplies the 6th pharyngeal arch?

A

Recurrent laryngeal

18
Q

Which vessels are derived from the 6th pharyngeal arch?

A

Pulmonary vessels

19
Q

What is derived from paraxial mesoderm?

A

All voluntary muscles, arteries, neurocranium, meninges, dorsal skin

20
Q

What type of tissue are the laryngeal cartilages derived from?

A

Lateral plate mesoderm

21
Q

What type of tissue is the viscerocranium derived from?

A

Neural crest cells

22
Q

Which two tissues interact to form neural sensory ganglia?

A

Neural crest cells and ectodermal placodes

23
Q

What gives rise to the external auditory meatus?

A

Dorsal part of the first cleft

24
Q

Which clefts form the cervical sinus?

A

2nd 3rd and 4th

25
Q

Where would a branchial cleft anomaly be found?

A

Anterior to sternlocleidomastoid

26
Q

What tip of cells form skeletal elements?

A

Neural crest cells

27
Q

Treacher Collins syndrome affects which arches?

A

First and second

28
Q

DiGeorge syndrome involves which arches?

A

3rd and 4th

29
Q

What is the result of inadequate shh function?

A

Narrowing and fusion

30
Q

What type of tissue are the laryngeal cartilages derived from?

A

Lateral plate mesoderm

31
Q

What type of tissue is the viscerocranium derived from?

A

Neural crest cells

32
Q

Which two tissues interact to form neural sensory ganglia?

A

Neural crest cells and ectodermal placodes

33
Q

What gives rise to the external auditory meatus?

A

Dorsal part of the first cleft

34
Q

Which clefts form the cervical sinus?

A

2nd 3rd and 4th

35
Q

Where would a branchial cleft anomaly be found?

A

Anterior to sternlocleidomastoid

36
Q

What tip of cells form skeletal elements?

A

Neural crest cells

37
Q

Treacher Collins syndrome affects which arches?

A

First and second

38
Q

DiGeorge syndrome involves which arches?

A

3rd and 4th

39
Q

What is the result of inadequate shh function?

A

Narrowing and fusion

Development (1 decks)

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