Pharmocology

Question 1

Different types of diuretics/where they have their action

Answer 1

K+ sparing: act on the late distal tubule and collecting ducts to block the reabsorption of sodium and reduve the secretion of potassium.
Loop: decrease sodium, chloride, and water absorption at the loop of Henle by blocking absorption of chloride into the bloodstream.
Thiazide: blocks sodium and chloride co-transporter in the distal convoluted tubule resulting in excretion of filtered sodium.

Question 2

IA

Answer 2

Moderate Na-channel blockers

Question 3

IB

Answer 3

Weak Na-channel blockers

Question 4

IC

Answer 4

Strong Na-channel blockers

Question 5

II

Answer 5

B-adrenergic blockers

Question 6

III

Answer 6

K-channel blockers; drugs that prolong repolarization

Question 7

IV

Answer 7

Ca-channel blockers

Question 8

Digoxin

Answer 8

inhibits the sodium/potassium exchange pump in the heart and leads to increased intracellular sodium and calcium; prolongs the P-R interval and increases filling time.

Question 9

Side effects of Digoxin

Answer 9

anorexia, fatigue, life-threatening arrhythmias

Question 10

Adenosine

Answer 10

used to convert SVT to a sinus rhythm; slows conduction through the SA and AV nodes and commonly causes a brief cardiac standstill

Question 11

side effects of adenosine

Answer 11

facial flushing and dyspnea