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Emt > Pharmcology > Flashcards

Pharmcology Flashcards

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0
Q

Oral glucose adverse effects

A

Not clinically significant

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1
Q

Oral glucose indications

A

Altered mental status with diabetic history. Unconscious for unknown reason

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2
Q

Oral glucose precautions

A

Patient without gag reflex may aspirate

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3
Q

Oral glucose contraindications

A

Not clinically significant

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4
Q

Oral glucose preparations

A

10-15 g

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5
Q

Oral glucose dosage

A

10-15 g between gum and cheek. Consider single additional dose if not improved after 10 minutes.

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6
Q

Acetaminophen indications

A

Patients three years and above judged to be in mild to moderate discomfort. Isolated musculoskeletal injuries such as sprains and strains. Pain related to childhood diseases such as headache, ear infection, and pharyngitis.

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7
Q

Acetaminophen adverse effects

A

Not clinically significant

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8
Q

Acetaminophen precautions

A

Does not eliminate need for transport for comprehensive evaluation of cause of pain and appropriate definitive treatment.

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9
Q

Acetaminophen contraindications

A

Head injury, hypertension, administration of acetaminophen or medications containing acetaminophen within previous four hours, inability to swallow, respiratory distress, persistent vomiting, known or suspected liver disease, allergy to acetaminophen.

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10
Q

Acetaminophen preparations

A

Unit does bottles only (DO NOT USE MULTI-DOSE BOTTLE)

unit dose: 160 mg/5 mL

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11
Q

Acetaminophen dosage

A

Not indicated for less than age 3.
3-5 years: 160 mg.
6-9 years: 320 mg (2 unit doses of 160 mg).
10 years and above: four unit doses of 160 mg each for a total of 640 mg.
Obtain online medical direction for patient significantly underweight or overweight.

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12
Q

Oxygen indications

A

All medical and trauma patients

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13
Q

Oxygen adverse effects

A

High concentrations will reduce respiratory drive in some patients. Monitor these patients carefully.

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14
Q

Oxygen precautions

A

Never withhold oxygen from anyone that needs it. Give with caution to COPD patients.

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15
Q

Oxygen contraindications

A

None

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16
Q

Oxygen dosage

A

Non-rebreather: 12-15 LPM or nasal cannula 2-6 LPM unless otherwise directed.

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17
Q

Aspirin indications

A

Chest pain with suspected MCI. Not indicated for pediatric patients.

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18
Q

Aspirin adverse effects

A

Heartburn, nausea, vomiting, wheezing

19
Q

Aspirin precautions

A

GI bleed and upset

20
Q

Aspirin contraindications

A

Known hypersensitivity

21
Q

Aspirin dosage

A

324 mg (four 81 mg tablets) or 325 mg tablet chewed.

22
Q

Activated charcoal indications

A

Poisoning by mouth

23
Q

Activated charcoal adverse effects

A

May cause vomiting.

24
Q

Activated charcoal precautions

A

Does not absorb all drugs and toxic substances. Requires medical consult.

25
Q

Activated charcoal contraindications

A

Altered mental status, patients who have received an emetic.

26
Q

Activated charcoal preparations

A

15 g, 25 g, or 50 g bottles.

27
Q

Activated charcoal dosage

A

Adult or pediatric: 1 g/kg or .5 g/lb

28
Q

Albuterol indications

A

Respiratory distress, bronchospasm or wheezing associated with asthma, chronic bronchitis, emphysema, allergic reactions

29
Q

Albuterol adverse effects

A

Tachycardia, palpitations, attention, angina, nervousness, anxiety, tremors, dizziness, headache, sweating, nausea, vomiting, sore throat.

30
Q

Albuterol precautions

A

Severe bronchospasm from repeated excessive use. Patient must have prescribed inhaler.

31
Q

Albuterol contraindications

A

Inhaler not prescribed for patient.

32
Q

Albuterol preparations

A

Handheld unit dose inhaler

33
Q

Albuterol dosage

A

2 doses (4 puffs) over a 30 minute period.

34
Q

Epinephrine auto-injector indications

A

Moderate to severe allergic reaction with respiratory distress or mild allergic reaction with history of life-threatening allergic reaction.

35
Q

Epinephrine auto-injector adverse effects

A

Tachycardia, angina, palpitations, headache, nausea, dizziness, hypertension, anxiety, nervousness, tremors.

36
Q

Epinephrine autoinjector precautions

A

Respiratory distress medical consult is required for patients greater than age 45 or any patient with a cardiac history.

37
Q

Epinephrine autoinjector contraindications

A

None in the presence of anaphylaxis.

38
Q

Epinephrine autoinjector preparations

A

Adult EpiPen: .3 mg; pediatric: .15 mg

39
Q

Epinephrine autoinjector dosage

A

Adult: .3 mg (age 3 or older); Pediatric: .15 mg (under age 3)
Additional doses require medical consultation

40
Q

Nitroglycerin indications

A

Chest pain.

41
Q

Nitroglycerin adverse effects

A

Hypertension, headache, dizziness, tachycardia

42
Q

Nitroglycerin precautions

A

Patient must have own prescribed medicine. Reassess blood pressure before and after administration. If systolic blood pressure drops more than 20 mm Hg, obtain medical consult before further administration.

43
Q

Glycerin contraindications

A

Blood pressure 90 systolic or below; pulse 60 or below; under age 12; medicine not prescribed for patients; Viagra, Levitra, Cialis, Adcirca, or Revatio taken within past 48 hours. Medical consultation is required to override Viagra, Levitra or Cialis taken within the last 48 hours.

44
Q

Nitroglycerin preparations

A

Tablet or spray.

45
Q

Nitroglycerin dosage

A

One tablet or one spray= One dose. Repeat in 3-5 minutes. Maximum dosage=3 (patient and EMS administered) further doses require medical consult.

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