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HOSA > Pharmacy Science > Flashcards

Pharmacy Science Flashcards

1
Q

German Emperor Frederick II

A

First person to separate medical profession from pharmaceutical

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2
Q

16th Century Swiss Physician Paracelsus

A

Stressed the need for treatment that would be specific for a particular disease and advocated that alchemists should prepare medicine and not gold or silver

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3
Q

1600s-1700s educational process for pharmacists

A

Apprenticeships and pass rigid exams

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4
Q

Edward Jenner

A

Made the small pox vaccines

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5
Q

Paul Ehrich

A

started chemical treatment of disease

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6
Q

Robert Koch

A

started the understanding of infectious diseases

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7
Q

First United States pharmacopeia

A

not written by pharmacists

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8
Q

First pharmacy school

A

The Philadelphia College of Apothecaries 1812

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9
Q

First state to have a state regulation of pharmacy

A

Treaty of Orleans (Louisiana) 1808

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10
Q

What year was pharmacy school conformed to have a certain criteria to be achieved while in school to graduate

A

1932

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11
Q

What was pharmacy practice in the 1950s about

A

Safety of the drug product and very drug centered model

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12
Q

At this convention pharmacists to see themselves as practitioners of a clinical profession

A

1985 Hilton Head Conference

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13
Q

Pharmaceutical Care in 1990-1995

A

Professional relationship must be established and maintained, Present Model

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14
Q

Apothecary

A

Latin term for pharmacist, refers to the early practice of pharmacy

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15
Q

Compounding

A

producing, mixing, or preparing a drug by combining two or more ingredients

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16
Q

Pharmacy

A

the art and science of preparing and dispensing medication

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17
Q

The Age of Antiquity

A

time of ancient humans and the great ancient empires. 5000 BCE through CE 499

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18
Q

Ancient Humans

A

studied birds and animals for first soothing remedies, learned by trial and error

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19
Q

Ancient Mesopotamia

A

Babylon, cradle of civilization, earliest known record of apothecary practice

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20
Q

Healers

A

priests, pharmacists, and physicians all in one

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21
Q

Pen T-Sao

A

native herbal recording of 365 drugs, written by Emperor Shen Nung

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22
Q

Shen Nung

A

Father of Chinese medicine who tasted herbs to determine their toxic effects and died of an overdose

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23
Q

Echelons

A

gatherers and preparers of drugs, similar to the modern day pharmacy technician

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24
Q

Cheifs of Fabrication

A

head pharmacist

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25
Q

Papyrus Ebers

A

ancient and important pharmaceutical record in ancient Egypt

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26
Q

Charaka Samhita

A

recorded approximately 2000 drugs, is the most important pharmaceutical record for ancient Indians

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27
Q

Terra Sigilata

A

first therapeutic agent to bear a trademark meaning “sealed earth”, small clay tablet about the size of asprin

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28
Q

Theophrastus

A

one of the greatest early Greek philosophers and natural scientist known as the father of botany

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29
Q

Hippocrates

A

“Founder of Medicine”

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30
Q

Corpus Hippocraticum

A

written by Hippocrates, one of the first texts to reject the idea that illnesses were caused by mystical forces

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31
Q

Humors

A

four body fluids- blood, phlegm, yellow bile, and black bile- that according to an ancient theory related to a mood or personality charactersitic

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32
Q

Hippocratic Oath

A

A promise made new physicians to treat all people fairly, and to seek to preserve life

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33
Q

Mithridates VI

A

known for developing and using himself and prisoners to test poisons and antidotes

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34
Q

De Materia Medica

A

encylcopedia of remedies from plants or roots, thought to be the first book to organize meds for what they do

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35
Q

Galen

A

practiced and taught both pharmacy and medicine in Rome during 130-200 CE

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36
Q

First Apothercaries

A

established by Arabs in the late 18th century, separated the arts of the apothecary and physician

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37
Q

Pharmacopoeia

A

A book containing a list of drug products used in medicine, including their descriptions and formulas

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38
Q

First Organization of pharmacists

A

King James I granted a separate company known as the Master, wardens, and society of art and mystery of he apothecaries of the city of London

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39
Q

Christopher Marshall

A

established and apothecary shop in Philadelphia and the shop became a leading store

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40
Q

Elizabeth Marshall

A

granddaughter of Christopher Marshall; took over management of the family store

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41
Q

America’s First Hospital

A

founded by Benjamin Franklin in Philadelphia in 1751

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42
Q

Jonathan Roberts

A

the first hospital pharmacist in America

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43
Q

John Morgan

A

physician who advocated separation of pharmacy and physician parties

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44
Q

Andrew Craige

A

A pharmacy pioneer who developed an early pharmaceutical wholesaling and manufacturing business and was the first pharmaceutical officer in the American Navy

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45
Q

Philadelphia College of Pharmacy

A

Americas first educational institution for pharmacy

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46
Q

American Pharmaceutical Association

A

APhA- founded in 1853 to provide for more uniform standards of education

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47
Q

William Procter

A

known as the father of american pharmacy

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48
Q

Gregor Mendel

A

scientist who began the history of genetics

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49
Q

American Council on Pharmaceutical Education

A

ACPE- resposible for accreditation for colleges of pharmacy and continuing education programs

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50
Q

The Traditional Era

A

this era of pharmacy practiced in the 20th century with pharmacists

51
Q

The Scientific Era

A

this era was marked by the development of new drugs, scientific testing of the effects of drugs on the human body, and etc

52
Q

The Clinical Era

A

this era transformed pharmacy into cognitive based profession

53
Q

The Pharmaceutical Care Era

A

the combination of all three eras. The practice of pharmacy and the role of pharmacists became focused on ensuring the role of the pharmacists became focused on ensuring positive outcomes or drug therapies

54
Q

prescription

A

an order, by an authorized individual, for the preparation or dispensing of a medication

55
Q

S

A

without

56
Q

am/AM

A

morning

57
Q

bid/BID

A

twice a day

58
Q

dc,D/C

A

discontinue

59
Q

lab

A

labratory

60
Q

quid/QID

A

four times a day

61
Q

CPR

A

cardiopulmonary resuscitation

62
Q

w/c

A

wheelchair

63
Q

qhs

A

every night at bedtime

64
Q

q

A

every

65
Q

amt.

A

amount

66
Q

I + O

A

intake and output

67
Q

qod/QOD

A

every other day

68
Q

liq.

A

liquid

69
Q

c

A

with

70
Q

prn.

A

whenever necessary

71
Q

bm/BM

A

bowel movement

72
Q

O2

A

oxygen

73
Q

ax

A

axillary, armpit

74
Q

BR, br

A

bed rest

75
Q

wt

A

weight

76
Q

ht

A

height

77
Q

IV

A

intravenous

78
Q

BRP

A

bathroom privilages

79
Q

OOB,oob

A

out of bed

80
Q

NPO

A

nothing by mouth

81
Q

B/P

A

blood pressure

82
Q

spec.

A

specimen

83
Q

ROM

A

range of motion

84
Q

po

A

by mouth

85
Q

pc

A

after meal

86
Q

hyper

A

above, high

87
Q

PT, pt

A

patient

88
Q

q2h

A

every 2 hours

89
Q

hs

A

bedtime, hours of sleep

90
Q

post

A

after

91
Q

ss

A

one half

92
Q

OPD

A

outpatient department

93
Q

postop

A

postoperative

94
Q

Cath

A

catheter

95
Q

CBC

A

complete blood count

96
Q

Stat

A

immeadiately

97
Q

c/o

A

complains

98
Q

dx

A

diagnosis

99
Q

cc

A

cubic centimeters

100
Q

amb

A

ambulate, walk

101
Q

H2O

A

water, aqua

102
Q

noct, noc.

A

night

103
Q

biotechnology

A

a form of technology that uses living organisms to develop microorganisms for specific purposes

104
Q

Pharmacogenomics

A

the study of individual genetic differences in response to drug therapy

105
Q

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders

A

a widely used manual by mental health professionals for classifying psychological

106
Q

anxiety

A

the condition of feeling uneasy or worried about what may happen

107
Q

panic disorder

A

an anxiety disorder marked by unpredictatble minutes-long episodes of intense dread in which a person experiences terror an accompanying chest pain, choking, or other sensations

108
Q

Generalized Anxiety Disorder

A

an anxiety disorder in which a person is contiinually tense

109
Q

phobias

A

a group of anxiety disorders involving a pathological fear of a specific object or situations

110
Q

Obsessive-Compulsive disorder

A

anxiety disorder characterized by persistent and uncontrollable thoughts and irrational beliefs that cause the performance of compulsive rituals that interfere with daily life

111
Q

obsessions

A

persistent ideas, thoughts, or impulses that are unwanted and inappropriate, causing marked distress

112
Q

compulsions

A

a need to act on specific impulses to relieve associated anxiety

113
Q

hoarding disorder

A

persistent difficulty discarding or parting with possessions, regardless of their actual value

114
Q

PTSD

A

an anxiety disorder characterized by haunting memories etc that liner for four weeks or more after a traumatic experience

115
Q

somatic symptom disorder

A

psychological disorder in which the symptoms take a bodily form without apparent physical cause

116
Q

Illness anxiety disorder

A

condition marked by the intense preoccupation with the possibility of a serious undiagnosed illness

117
Q

conversion disorder

A

a rare somatoform disorder in which a person experiences very specific genuine physical symptoms for which no physiological basis can be found

118
Q

dissociative amnesia

A

dissociation disorder characterized by the recall and extensive inability to recall important personal information, usually of a traumatic or stressful nature

119
Q

dissociative fugue

A

disorder in which one travels away from home and is unable to remember detail of his past, including his identity

120
Q

dissociative identity disorder

A

a rare dissociative disorder in which a person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalities

121
Q

major depressive disorder

A

a mood disorder in which a person experiences, in the absence of drugs, two or more weeks of significantly depressed

122
Q

premenstrual dysphoric disorder

A

mood irritablity during the premenstrual phase

123
Q

bipolar disorder

A

a mood disorder in which a person alternates b/w hopelessness and lethargy of depression and overexcited state of mania

124
Q

psychosis

A

a psychological disorder in which a person loses contact with reality, experiencing irrational ideas and distorted perceptions

HOSA (1 decks)

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