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practicum > Pharmacy Review > Flashcards

Pharmacy Review Flashcards

1
Q

What type of remedies have been used?

A

herbals

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2
Q

What were severe illnesses believed to be caused by?

A

Evil Spirits

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3
Q

What is trephining?

A

A cut made into the skull to give disease a portal through which to leave

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4
Q

Tribal Shamans (medicine men)

A

Believed to be able to communicate with spirits

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5
Q

Asclepius

A

Greek God of Healing

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6
Q

Symbol of Asclepis

A

Wingless staff with one snake wrapped around it

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7
Q

what is the formal symbol of medicine?

A

asclepius

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8
Q

Caduceus

A

usually has 2 wings at the top and 2 intertwined snakes

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9
Q

What is often mistakenly used as the symbol of medicine?

A

Caduceus

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10
Q

Plagues killed thousands of people (true/false)

A

true

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11
Q

Microbes during the evolution of medicine

A

Unknown

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12
Q

what was the most common form of treatment and remains so in many cultures?

A

prayer

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13
Q

Hippocrates

A

3rd-generation physician

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14
Q

Who is the father of medicine?

A

Hippocrates (Hippocratic Oath)

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15
Q

blood

A

air

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16
Q

phlegm

A

water

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17
Q

yellow bile

A

fire

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18
Q

black bile

A

earth

19
Q

what are treatments to rebalance the humors?

A

bloodletting, laxatives

20
Q

Aristotle

A

A Greek Philosopher, taught Alexander the Great, started a famous school, studied with Plato

21
Q

Claudius Galen

A

physician to the Roman gladiators, wrote the most influential medical textbook of the ancient era

22
Q

Roger Bacon

A

Philosopher and alchemist; refined and explained the importance of the experimental methods

23
Q

Paracelsus

A

Swiss physician, philosopher, and scientist; introduced laudanum

24
Q

What is laudanum?

A

a popular tonic for deadening pain; used during the Civil War

25
Q

What are prevalent treatments?

A

multiple mixtures of plants, roots, and other concoctions

26
Q

Examples of Prevalent Treatments

A

-garlic for inflammation of bronchial tubes
-liverwort plant for liver problems
-wine & pepper for stomach ailments
-onions for worms
-tiger fat for joint pain

27
Q

Ancient Herbal Remedies

A

treatment were by trial and error; some were effective and some caused death

28
Q

What is bloodletting?

A

used to lessen excess bodily fluids, thought to cause illness

29
Q

George Mender

A

famous scientist & monk; laid the foundation for genetics and how genes are woven into heredity

30
Q

Florence Nightingale

A

best known as a nurse who spent her career caring for the wounded

31
Q

Who were the first druggists?

A

Doctors

32
Q

Absinthe

A

Alcohol-based liquid; herb mixed with alcohol and served with water and sugar; treatment for tapeworms

33
Q

What is opioid?

A

drug made in a lab rather than taken from a plant

34
Q

Alexander Fleming

A

Discovered penicillin by accident in 1928

35
Q

Gerhard Domagk

A

discovered the 1st synthetic drug (sulfonamide) in 1932; used during WWII to treat wound infection

36
Q

James Watson and Francis Crick

A
  1. published scientific paper presenting DNA structure
37
Q

Louis Pasteur

A

discovered an anthrax vaccine for animals (1881)

38
Q

what is a modern treatment for hemochromatosis?

A

leeches + magggots to remove blood

39
Q

Honey is used for its medicinal properties? True or False

A

True

40
Q

What did pharmacies sprung up after?

A

apothecaries sprung up after the Civil War

41
Q

Medical recipe book

A

contained instructions for preparing remedies

42
Q

Who were the 1st pharmacy technicians?

A

those enlisted in the military

43
Q

As of Dec.31, 2013, the PTCB has more than how many technicians worldwide?

A

525,365 technicians

44
Q

what degree is required for US pharmacists?

A

a doctor of pharmacy degree (PharmD)

practicum (1 decks)

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