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Y4 OPIC > pharmacy > Flashcards

pharmacy Flashcards

1
Q

what is the EPMA ?

A

electronic prescribing and medicines administration

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2
Q

what are some benefits of EPMA ?

A

solves most prescribing issues
efficiency - time saving,
effectiveness
patient safety - reduction in errors

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3
Q

what are some targets of drugs in the body ?

A

cellular
proteins
receptors
ion channels
enzymes
transport proteins

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4
Q

what are the factors of pharmacokinetics ?

A

absorption
distribution
metabolism
excretion

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5
Q
A
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6
Q

what is absorption in pharmacokinetics ?

A

the movement of drug into the body

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7
Q

which route does not require absorption ?

A

IV

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8
Q

what is distribution in pharmacokinetics ?

A

the movement of drugs around the body

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9
Q

what is elimination of pharmacokinetics ?

A

the irreversible removal of drug from the body

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10
Q

what are the 2 parts of elimination in pharmacokinetics ?

A

metabolism
excretion

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11
Q

what is metabolism of pharmacokinetics ?

A

destruction of the drug by chemical alteration

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12
Q

what is excretion of pharmacokinetics ?

A

removal of the drug from the body in the kidneys or bile

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13
Q

how can drug interactions affect the absorption of drugs ?

A

chelation/ complexes - insoluble complexes not absorbed
change of GI pH
effects on gastric motility
food effects

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14
Q

how is metabolism affected in drug interactions /

A

P450 inhibitors and inducers

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15
Q

what are some examples of enzyme inducers ?

A

rifampicin
phenytoin
carbamazepine
COCP
theophylline

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16
Q

what are some examples of enzyme inhibitors ?

A

allopurinol
azathioprine
fluconazole
warfarin
grapefruit juice
ciclosporin

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17
Q

what class is haloperidol ?

A

first generation antipsychotic

18
Q

what are some indications for haloperidol ?

A

schizophrenia
acute delirium
severe manic or agitated episodes
nausea and vomiting

19
Q

what are some side effects of haloperidol ?

A

depression
headache
nausea
vision disorders
neuromuscular dysfunction

20
Q

what are some contra-indications of haloperidol ?

A

CNS depression
congenital long QT syndrome
lewy body dementia
parkinsons disease

21
Q

what is the indication for macrogol ?

A

chronic constipation

22
Q

what are the contra-indications for macrogol ?

A

ileus
intestinal obstruction / perforation
severe IBD
toxic megacolon

23
Q

what are some common side effects of macrogol ?

A

flatulence
GI discomfort
nausea and vomiting

24
Q

what drug class is macrogol ?

A

osmotic laxative

25
Q

what class of drug is alendronate ?

A

bisphosphonate

26
Q

what are the indication for alendronate ?

A

osteoporosis

27
Q

what are some side effects of alendronate ?

A

GI disorders
joint swelling
vertigo

28
Q

what are the indications of colecalciferol ?

A

vitamin D deficiency

29
Q

what are some side effects of colecalciferol ?

A

abdominal pain
headache
hypercalcaemia
nausea

30
Q

what are the indications for zopiclone ?

A

insomnia

31
Q

what are some side effects of zopiclone ?

A

dry mouth
bitter taste
anxiety
headache
confusion

32
Q

what class of drug is zopiclone ?

A

non-benzodiazepine hypnotic and sedative

33
Q

what is the indication for co-careldopa ?

A

parkinsons disease

34
Q

what class of drug is co-careldopa ?

A

dopamine precursor

35
Q

what are the indications for ropinerole ?

A

adjunct in parkinsons disease
restless leg syndrome

36
Q

what class of drug is ropinerole ?

A

dopamine receptor agonist

37
Q

what drug class is senna ?

A

stimulant laxative

38
Q

what are the indications of senna ?

A

constipation

39
Q

what are some indications of lorazepam ?

A

anxiety - short term
acute panic attack
conscious sedation for procedures

40
Q

what are some side effects of lorazepam ?

A

apnoea
asthenia
coma
dishinhibtion
extra-pyramidal symptoms
memory loss
slurred speech

41
Q

what drug class is lorazepam ?

A

benzo

42
Q
A

Y4 OPIC (7 decks)

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