pharmacy Flashcards
1
Q
What a pharmacy technician can do
A
Maintain the pharmacy department Bill patients and third party payers Help a patient find a medication Fill prescription orders Compound medications Assist the pharmacist Fill a unit dose cart Obtain a patient’s health history
2
Q
What a pharmacy technician can NOT do
A
Counsel patients Discuss adverse effects of medications with patients Verify medications Perform final checks on medications Suggest changes in medication therapy
3
Q
Beyond use date (BUD) and what it is
A
the date assigned to a compound prescription by the pharmacy for when the compound should no longer be used
4
Q
What is a black box warning?
A
warning on a medication label
indicates the medication carries a risk for life-threatening adverse
effects.
Also know that black box warnings are required on all antidepressant medications
5
Q
What does buccal mean?
A
place between gum and cheek
6
Q
What does cardiac mean?
A
pertaining to the heart
7
Q
What does CHF stand for?
A
Congestive Heart Failure
8
Q
What is required by the FDA to be published in a drug monograph?
A
a Contraindication lists patient conditions for
which the medications should not be used.
9
Q
What is an expiration date?
A
a date assigned by the manufacturer that signals
when the medication potency can no longer be ensured.
10
Q
Medications that are known to cause significant harm to a patient if an error is made are called what?
A
high alert medications
11
Q
What is the difference between hyper and hypo
A
hyper mean high hypo means low
12
Q
A patient package insert is required with which type of medication?
A
oral
contraceptives like
birth control
13
Q
Where do nurses track medication administration?
A
MAR
14
Q
How are most parenteral medications administered?
A
Intravenously
15
Q
What does PHI stand for?
A
Protected health information
16
Q
Know the meanings of polyuria, polyphagia, and polydipsia
A
polyuria is excessive urination polyphagia is excessive hunger and polydipsia is excessive thirst
often seen in patients with diabetes mellitus
17
Q
The type of medication order for medications to be administered on an as needed basis is called what?
A
PRN order
18
Q
Companies that specialize in returns of expired or discontinued drugs to the manufacturer are called what?
A
REVERSE DISTRIBUTORS
19
Q
What contains important information about bulk chemicals or hazardous substances stored in the pharmacy?
A
safety data sheet
OSHA requires this
20
Q
What is a sentinel event?
A
an unexpected medical event that causes
death
21
Q
What does ss mean?
A
One half
22
Q
What is the difference between otic and ophthalmic?
A
otic is ear ophthalmic is eye
23
Q
Know what tall man lettering is used for
A
to prevent
medication errors for look alike sound alike medications
by capitalizing portions of the medication names to make
slight differences stand out
24
Q
What is a topical medication?
A
a medication that is applied to the
skin, rectal area, or vagina
25
Know the differences between medication therapy management, medication reconciliation, and medication regimen review
MEDICATION THERAPY MANAGEMENT is a coordinated effort with any
care management plan for an individual in a chronic care improvement
program. It aims to achieve optimum therapeutic outcomes and reduce
adverse events in patients.
MEDICATION RECONCILIATION is the process of reviewing a patients
medication orders alongside all other medications a patient has been
talking. The purpose of medication reconciliation is to avoid medication
errors that include omissions, duplications, dosing errors, or medication
interactions.
A MEDICATION REGIMEN REVIEW is the process in which the pharmacist
reviews medications used during each month in a skilled nursing facility.
26
What do APAP and SUPP stand for?
APAP=Acetaminophen SUPP= Suppository
27
```
Know all conversions
2.2 lbs =
1 oz =
1 gram =
1 tsp =
1 tbsp =
1 cup =
1 quart =
```
```
2.2 lbs = 1 kg
1 oz = 30 mL
1 gram = 1000mg
1 tsp = 5 mL
1 tbsp = 15 mL
1 cup = 240 mL
1 quart = 960 mL
```
28
What is the difference between MERP, VERP, and VAERS?
MERP- reporting
program that is used to report medication errors NOT report
SPECIFICALLY on vaccines and immunizations.
VERP-VACCINE Error Reporting Program
VAERS-reporting
system that reports specifically on vaccines and immunizations
29
Antipyretics
Antiemetics
Antitussives
Antihistamines
Antipyretics are used to treat FEVER
Antiemetics are used to treat NAUSEA AND VOMITING
Antitussives are used to treat COUGHING
Antihistamines are used to treat ALLERGIES
30
What are anticoagulants?
What do antineoplastic medications treat and who should not take them?
Abbreviation for hypertension
What does SSRI stand for and what does it treat?
anticoagulants are BLOOD THINNERS
What do antineoplastic medications treat and who should not take them? cancer medications. Pregnant women should not take or handle
Abbreviation for hypertension (HTN) same thing as high blood pressure
What does SSRI stands for Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors treat DEPRESSION
31
```
drugs ending in
Olol
Conazole
Pril
Pam or olam
Sartan
Statin
Codone
```
Olol-BLOOD PRESSURE and are called BETA BLOCKERS
Conazole- ANTIFUNGAL
Pril-BLOOD PRESSURE and are called ACE INHIBITORS
Pam or olam- ANXIETY and they are called benzodiazepines
Sartan-BLOOD PRESSURE and are called ARBs
Statin-CHOLESTEROL
Codone-Opiates and narcotic analgesics They are used to
treat pain
32
Patients with high blood pressure should avoid what
nasal
| decongestants
33
Pregnant and nursing women can NOT take what?
ACE Inhibitors
Statins
Warfarin
Valproic acid
34
DRUG INFO
what IS THE MAXIMUM DAILY DOSE RECOMMENDED FOR
ACETAMINOPHEN. TOO MUCH ACETAMINOPHEN CAN
The maximum amount of pseudoephedrine a patient can purchase in one day is
The maximum amount of pseudoephedrine that can be sold per month to a patient is
NIX (PERMETHRIN) IS AN OVER THE COUNTER
ROGAINE (MINOXIDIL) IS AN OVER THE COUNTER
Motrin or Advil (Ibuprofen) is found OTC and typically comes in
Accutane is associated with
The antidote for a Warfarin overdose is
Jantoven or Coumadin have a brand name name of
4,000 MG (4G) IS THE MAXIMUM DAILY DOSE RECOMMENDED FOR
ACETAMINOPHEN. TOO MUCH ACETAMINOPHEN CAN CAUSE LIVER
TOXICITY.
The maximum amount of pseudoephedrine a patient can purchase in one day is 3.6 g
The maximum amount of pseudoephedrine that can be sold per month to a patient is 9 g
NIX (PERMETHRIN) IS AN OVER THE COUNTER LICE TREATMENT
ROGAINE (MINOXIDIL) IS AN OVER THE COUNTER ALOPECIA
TREATMENT
Motrin or Advil (Ibuprofen) is found OTC and typically comes in 200mg tablets
Accutane is associated with iPLEDGE.
The antidote for a Warfarin overdose is Vitamin K generic name is PHYTONADOINE
Jantoven or Coumadin have a brand name of WARFARIN
35
Most vaccines are stored where?
| Who should get the influenza vaccine?
Most vaccines are stored in the refrigerator.
| adults of all ages as well as for adolescents over 6 months old should get influenza
36
What is the role of Vitamin D in the body?
| Fat and water soluble vitamins
```
The role of Vitamin D is to help the body absorb calcium
FAT WATER
Vitamin K Vitamin B12
Vitamin A Vitamin B6
Vitamin D Vitamin C
Vitamin E
```
37
Reye Syndrome
REYE’S SYNDROME IS ASSOCIATED
| WITH CHILDREN AND ASPIRIN
38
FREQUENTLY SEEN MEDS ON NHA pt1
Januvia (Sitagliptin) and it is used for Diabetes
mellitus, type II
Zoloft (Sertraline) it is used for depression disorders. ZOLOFT (Sertraline) IS AN SSRI
PROZAC (Fluoxetine) is used for depression disorders. PROZAC
(Fluoxetine) is an SSRI
Adderall has a generic name of Amphetamine + dextroamphetamine and
it is used for ADD or ADHD. KNOW THAT THIS IS A SCHEDULE II
MEDICATION AND IT CAN NEVER BE REFILLED!
Celebrex (Celecoxib) is a COX-2 Inhibitor and it is an NSAID It is used
for pain, inflammation, and osteoarthritis
39
What does SL mean?
place under the tongue
40
What schedule is anabolic steroids?
What schedule are benzodiazepines and what do they end in?
What schedule for exempt narcotics? What schedule does not always require a prescription in some state and when they do NOT, what must be signed?
How many refills for schedule II?
How many refills for Schedule III, IV and V?
What schedule has no accepted use?
What schedule is cocaine and marijuana?
anabolic steroids are Schedule III medications
benzodiazepines are schedule IV
ending in olam or pam
Schedule V medications are sometimes called EXEMPT Narcotics. Some states do not require a
prescription for Schedule V medications. Whenever a prescription is not required for the sale of a
Schedule V medication, such as an Exempt Narcotic, the purchaser and the dispenser must sign the
Schedule V records log.
Schedule II can NEVER be refilled
Schedule III, IV and V can be refilled five times within 6 months from the date that the prescription was written.
Schedule I has no accepted use
Cocaine is a Schedule II
marijuana is a Schedule I
41
DEA numbers – first and second letters indicate what? How to verify
The first letter of a DEA number indicated the type of prescriber. The second letter is the
first letter of the prescribers last name.
to verify you add the first third and fifth digits then you add the second fourth and sixth the multiply 2 Add this number to the sum of the first, third, and fifth digits.
The last digit should match the last digit of the DEA number.
42
DEA FORMS 106, 41, 222
How long to keep 222 on hand?
What copy goes to the DEA?
DEA FORM 106- to report theft or loss of controlled substances
DEA FORM 41- to destroy expired, damaged, or unwanted controlled substances
DEA FORM 222- for ordering or transferring schedule II drugs
Federal law requires pharmacies to have available for inspection Copy 3 of the DEA Form 222 for a period
of 2 years
the second copy goes to the DEA,
43
Nitroglycerin SL tablets and birth control do NOT require
CHILD PROOF PACKAGING
44
Orange book and Red book
| Official name for orange book
Orange book- is a reference that determines if one medication is a therapeutic equivalent to another medication.
Red book-provides information about medication costs and pricing.
The
official name of the Orange
Book is “Approved Drug
Products with Therapeutic
Equivalence Evaluations”
45
What is a pharmacy technicians role in using an automated dispensing machine?
a pharmacy
technician’s role in using an
automated dispensing system is to
restock medications in the system.
46
Top and bottom numbers of a blood pressure reading are called
Systolic
| Diastolic
47
What is a counting tray cleaned with?
Smallest and largest capsule sizes
Why are medications in amber colored bottles?
What is an oil and water mixture called?
A counting tray should be cleaned with ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL
Capsules size from 000 (largest) to 5 (smallest)
medication stored in amber colored bottles to PROTECT THE MEDICATION FROM LIGHT
An OIL AND WATER mixture is called an EMULSION
48
When can coring occur
What kind of hood are hazardous meds compounded in?
Where do ALL SHARPS GO?
How long should hands be washed?
Piggyback meds and IV push meds differences in time
oring can occur when a needle is not correctly inserted into a vial
HAZARDOUS medications, such as CHEMOTHERAPY, should be compounded in a VERTICAL
LAMINAR FLOW HOOD
Red sharps containers are used for needles, syringes, vials, and ampules
YELLOW sharps containers are used for all items used during the compounding of chemotherapy or
hazardous medications
wash your hands for at least 15 seconds
Piggyback medications are given
slowly into the bloodstream
over 30 minutes to 2 hours, depending on the drug
IV push medications
are administered over
2-5 minutes
49
USP Chapters
USP Chapter <795>
USP Chapter <797>
USP Chapter <800>
USP Chapter <825>
USP Chapter <795> covers non sterile compounding
USP Chapter <797> covers sterile compounding
USP Chapter <800> covers hazardous drugs
USP Chapter <825> covers radiopharmaceuticals
50
Subcutaneous injections –
Intramuscular injections –
Intravenous (IV) injections –
Intradermal injections –
Intraperitoneal injections –
Subcutaneous injections – consist of small volumes of fluid given just below the skin using a fine, short needle. Common examples are insulin and allergy shots.
Intramuscular injections – employ small volumes of fluid but are delivered deep
into muscle tissue by long needles.
Intravenous (IV) injections – are delivered directly into the vein. Unasyn
(Ampicillin-sulbactam) is a piggyback medication that is administered via
intravenous injections.
Intradermal injections – are delivered directly into the dermis (skin).
Common examples are injections for skin testing for allergies or tuberculosis.
Intraperitoneal injections – go right into the peritoneal )abdominal) cavity of the
body. Commonly used on animals.
51
drug recalls
Class I:
Class II:
Class III:
Class I: A dangerous or defective product that could cause serious health problems or death.
Class II: A product that might cause a temporary health problem, or pose a slight threat of a serious nature.
Class III: A product that is unlikely to cause any adverse health reaction, but that violates FDA labeling or manufacturing laws
52
Parts of NDC number
the first four or five numbers
are used to determine the manufacturer or distributor of a medication.
The middle three or four digits indicate the medications active ingredient and
dosage form
The final two digits identify the package size and type.
MAP (manufacturer, active ingredient, package size)
53
COBRA
A patient got fired from her job. What temporary insurance is she covered under? COBRA
Cobra stands for Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act. It is a legislation that
gives right to workers and their families to continue health benefits from their group for a certain time
between jobs after losing a job!
54
DAW Codes
DAW Code 1 –
DAW Code 2 –
DAW Code 3 –
DAW Code 0 –
DAW Code 1 – Used when the prescriber mandates that the brand name should be used.
DAW Code 2 – Used when the prescriber indicates that the generic medication is allowed, but the
patient chooses to receive the brand name
DAW Code 3 – Used when the prescriber indicates that the generic product is acceptable, but the
pharmacist decides that the brand name is therapeutically necessary
DAW Code 0 – Used when no specific dispensing instructions are included or there is only a brand
name product of the medication available.
55
Medicare
Medicare Part A- Covers inpatient hospital care, skilled nursing facilities, hospice,
and home health care
Medicare Part B- Covers DME (Durable medical equipment) and test supplies
including blood glucose test strips, diabetes supplies, and
nebulizers, and medical services not covered by Medicare Part A
for patients who are 65 years or older.
Medicare Part C- Allows participants in Medicare part A and B to obtain coverage
through an HMO or a PPO to provide additional services at a higher cost
Medicare Part D- Covers prescription medications
56
```
Sig codes for eyes and ears
Before and after meals
QID
TID
BID
QD
Q
PO
Gtt
HA
PRN
UD
NA
NPO
Tsp
Tbsp
HS
Which sig code should not be used?
```
```
A = audio for EAR
O= OPHTHALMIC for EYE
AC= before meal
PC= after meal
QID= four time a day
TID= three times a day
BID= two times a day
QD= every day
Q= every
PO= by mouth
Gtt= drops or drop
HA= headache
PRN= as needed
UD= as directed
NA= nasally
NPO= nothing by mouth
Tsp= teaspoon
Tbsp= tablespoon
HS= at bedtime
```
QOD
“cc”
u
sc
57
How long to run laminar flow hood after turned off
at least 30 minutes
58
How many inches do you work inside the laminar flow hood
6 inches
59
Persons who enter the sterile compounding room should receive training from
the
| United States Pharmacopeia (USP)
60
When compounding parenterals, multi dose vials contain preservatives whats the expiration date
28 days
61
Premium
coinsurance
Copay
the amount a patient pays per month in insurance is called a PREMIUM
When a managed care plan covers 80% of a prescription cost and the patient pays the remaining 20% this payment
arrangement is known as COINSURANCE
A form a patient cost sharing in which patients pay a fixed amount each time a prescription is dispensed is called a
COPAYMENT
62
Durham-Humphrey Amendment
The primary purpose of the Durham-
Humphrey Amendment of1951 was to require prescription medications bear
the legend RX Only. The amendment define prescription drugs unsafe for self
medication and which should therefore be used only under a doctor's
supervision.
63
Drug Enforcement Agency- DEA -
The purpose of the DEA is to enforce
rules and regulations regarding legal and illegal trade of narcotics and
other potentially dangerous drugs.
64
Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act of 1970
established the five levels of controlled substances and requires that
prescribers are assigned a DEA number
65
Food and Drug Administration - FDA -
regulates the labeling, marketing, and manufacturing of products?
66
Institute for Safe Medication Practices (ISMP)
educate health care workers and the public
| about safe medication practices.
67
Kefauver-Harris Amendment
They prove the safety
| and efficacy of new medications
68
where do all sharps go
PUNCTURE RESISTANT
| CONTAINER!
69
MedWatch
a program that allows anyone
to voluntarily report a serious adverse event associated
with the use of any medication,
70
Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1990 (OBRA)-
requires pharmacists to offer counsel to patients
| about the proper use of their medications
71
OSHA-
is responsible for workplace ergonomics (workplace safety) and they require that pharmacies
maintain Safety Data Sheets for all hazardous medications and compounds present in the pharmacy.
72
a prepration using water have an expration date of what
14 days
73
whats a lot number
sometimes called a control number it indactes a particular batch and is used to idenify recalls
74
medications frequently seen on the
| NHA exam pt 2
Lipitor (Atorvastatin) is a statin, used for cholesterol, and should NOT be taken by pregnant
women!
LASIX (Furosemide) is a LOOP DIURETIC used for EDEMA and Hypertension
Microzide (Hydrochlorothiazide) is a thiazide diuretic used for edema and hypertension!
Fioricet (Butalbital+acetaminophen+caffeine) is a barbiturate + analgesic + stimulant. It is
used for headaches!
Duragesic (Fentanyl) comes in patches that are kept on for 72 hours! Fentanyl patches are
flushed down the toilet due to risk of accidental exposure of residual medication left in the patches.
schedule II drug
Ambien has a generic name of Zolpidem. It is a Schedule IV medication used for insomnia
Fosamax has a generic name of Alendronate and is used for osteoporosis
Pravachol has a generic name of pravastatin and is use for cholesterol because it’s a statin it should not be taken by pregnant women
75
drugs ending in satin are for what
CHOLESTEROL CHOLESTEROL CHOLESTEROL
76
Schedule II medactions CAN NEVER BE REFILLED
NEVER
77
PC means what
after meals
78
Which of the following aspects of an automated medication delivery system increases patient safety during the medication dispensing process
Medications are dispensed from a specific storage bin
79
Types of Needles
A filter needles is used to strain out particulate when withdrawing fluid from a glass ampule.
A vented needle helps to minimize spraying or foaming of the liquid when mixing and should be
used to inject a diluent into a vial for a powder medication.
A pen needle is used to inject insulin for patients who have diabetes
A hypodermic needle is used to inject parenteral medications into the body or to draw blood
80
NSAID
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug
| and treats pain
81
drugs that end in "prazole" are typically
Proton Pump Inhibitors and they are for GERD
82
Roman numerals for 5, 10, 8 and 12
V =5
X = 10
VIII = 8
XII= 12
83
What schedule has LIMITED QUANTITIES OF CERTAIN NARCOTICS and a LOW POTENTIAL for abuse. These medications have both controlled and non-controlled substances in them and are generally used as cough suppressants or antidiarrheals!
Schedule v
84
Which schedule are the following drugs: Cocaine, Marijuana, Heroin, and Mescaline
Cocaine is a schedule II drug, Marijuana is a schedue I drug, Heroin is a schedue I drug, and Mescaline is a schedue I drug
85
Brand name for Acetaminophen is what
Tylenol (Acetaminophen) is both an analgesic and and antipyretic. Analgesics relieve pain
86
(HBP) stands for
high blood pressure
87
generic name for xanax is
alprazolam
88
can pregnant women take insulin
yes
89
► A pharmacy technician is asked to compound 40g of an ointment that contains 125 mg of erythromycin sulfate. The technician should identify that which of the following concentrations should be placed on the label?
► ANSWER: 0.3125%
90
What does HIPPA stand for
Health insurance portability and accountability act of 1996
federal law that required the creation of national standards to protect sensitive patient health information from being disclosed without the patient's consent or knowledge.
91
EXTEMPORANEOUS COMPOUNDING is the
is the on-demand compounding that follows a prescriber’s
| prescription, formula, or recipe also could be called non streile compounding
92
The Physicians Desk Reference
provides detailed product information about the most commonly. Prescribed medication
93
High cholesterol is the same as
Hypercholesterolemia
94
The two parts of the syringe that should not be touched are
Tip and plunger
95
the antidote for a benzodiazapine overdose?
Flumazenil
96
used for a narcotic or opioid overdose (like codeine, fentanyl, or heroin)
Naloxone
