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PHARMACOLOGY > PHARMACOLOGY- Toxicities and side effects > Flashcards

PHARMACOLOGY- Toxicities and side effects Flashcards

1
Q

Which is the antidote for Acataminophen?

A

N- acetylcysteine

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2
Q

What is the effect of N- acetylcysteine in case of Acetaminophen intoxication?

A

Replenishes glutathione

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3
Q

This is the antidote in case of AChE inhibitors, organophospates

A

Atropine followed by pralidoxime

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4
Q

Antidote for Amphetamine (basic) intoxication

A

NH4Cl (acidify urine)

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5
Q

For Antimuscarinic, anticholinergic agents this the antidote

A

Physostigmine salicylate

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6
Q

In case of Antimuscarinic, anticholinergic agents what is the effect of physostigmine salicylate

A

Control hyperthermia

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7
Q

Benzodiazepines intoxication can be treated with…

A

Flumazenil

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8
Q

Glucagon is the antidode for this intoxication….

A

β blockers

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9
Q

For Carbon monoxide intoxication which is the treatment?

A

100% O2, hyperbaric O2

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10
Q

For Cooper, arsenic, gold intoxication which is the antidote?

A

Penicillamine

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11
Q

In case of Cianide intoxication, what is the treatment?

A

Nitrite+ thiosulfate, hydroxocobalamine

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12
Q

Anti dig Fab fragments is the antidote for this intoxication

A

Digitalis

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13
Q

For Heparin intoxication which is the antidote?

A

Protamine sulfate

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14
Q

Name the alternatives of treatment for iron intoxication

A

Deferoxamine, deferasirox

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15
Q

In case of Lead intoxication this are the possible treatments

A

EDTA, dimercaprol, succimer, penicillamine

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16
Q

For Mercury, arsenic and gold intoxication which is the antidote?

A

Dimercaprol (BAL), succimer

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17
Q

In case of Methanol, ethylene glycol, what is the antidote?

A

Fomepizole> ethanol, dialysis

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18
Q

Where do we find Ethylene glycol?

A

Antifreeze

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19
Q

In methemoglobin intoxication these are the alternatives of antidote

A

Methylene blue, vitamin C

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20
Q

Which is the antidote for Opiods?

A

Naloxone

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21
Q

NaHCO3 (alkalinize urine), dyalisis help in case of intoxication by…

A

Salicylates

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22
Q

Tricyclic antidepressant overdose can be treated with…

A

NaHCO3 (plasma alkalinization)

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23
Q

Aminocaproic acid is this antidote for these situations…

A

tPA, streptokinase, urokinase

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24
Q

In case of Warfarin intoxication what is the antidote

A

Vitamin K, plasma

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25
Q

When is recommended the ise of plasma in Warfarin intoxication?

A

If activate bleeding

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26
Q

These drugs cause coronary vasospasm

A

Cocaine
Sumatriptan
Ergot alkaloids

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27
Q

Which medications can cause cutaneous flushing?

A

Vancomycin
Adenosine
Niacin
Ca2+ channel blockers

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28
Q

Which drugs can cause dilated cardiomyopathy?

A

Doxorrubicin

Daunorubicin

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29
Q

Medications that can cause Torsades de pointes

A

Class III (eg. Sotalol), and class IA (eg quinidine), antiarrhytmics, macrolide, antipsycotics, Tricyclic antidepressant

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30
Q

Causal agents of Adrenocortical insufficiency

A

Hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis suppression secondary to glucocorticoid withdrawl

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31
Q

Drugs that can cause hot flashes

A

Tamoxifen, clomiphene

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32
Q

Which medications can cause hyperglicemia

A

Tacrolimus, protease inhibitors, Niacin, HCTZ, β blockers, Corticosteroids

33
Q

Drugs as causal agents of Hypothyroidism

A

Lithium, amiodarone, sulfonamides

34
Q

This antibiotic can cause Acute cholestatic hepatits, jaundice

A

Erythromycin

35
Q

Drugs that commonly cause Diarrhea

A

Metformin, Erythromycin, Cholchicine, Orlistat, Acarbose

36
Q

Which drugs might cause focal to massive heptatic necrosis?

A

Halothane, Amanita phalloides (death cap mushroom), Valproic acid, Acethaminophen

37
Q

This medicine can cause Hepatitis

A

Isoniazid

38
Q

Drugs as causal effect of Pancreatitis

A

Didanosine, Cortitosteroids, Alcohol, Valproic acid, Azathioprine, Diuretics (furosemide, HCTZ)

39
Q

Medications related to Pseudomembranous colitis

A

Clindamycin, ampicillin, cephalosporins

40
Q

Who predispose to superinfection by resistant C. Difficile

A

Antibiotics

41
Q

Name drugs that might cause Agranulocytosis

A

Dapsone, Clozapine, Carbamazepine, Colchicine, Methimazole, Propylthiouracil

42
Q

Drugs that possible cause Aplastic anemia

A

Carbamazepine, Methimzole, NSAIDs, Benzene, Chloramphenicol, Propythiouracil

43
Q

Drugs related to Direct Coombs-positive hemolytic anemia

A

Methyldopa, penicillin

44
Q

Causes gray baby syndrome

A

Chloramphenicol

45
Q

Using these drugs can cause Hemolysis in G6PD deficiency

A

Isoniazide, Sulfonamides, Dapsone, Primaquine, Aspirin, Ibuprofen, Nitrofurantoin

46
Q

Which drugs can cause Megaloblastic anemia?

A

Phenytoin, Methotrexate, Sulfa drugs

47
Q

Drugs related to Thrombocytopenia

A

Heparin, cimetidine

48
Q

This drugs increase the risk for Thrombotic complication

A

OCPs (egs estrogens)

49
Q

Drugs that cause fat redistribution

A

Protease inhibitors

Glucocorticoids

50
Q

These medications cause Gingival hyperplasia

A

Phenytoin, Verapamil, cyclosporin, nifedipine

51
Q

Drugs that might cause Hyperuricemia (gout)

A

Pyrazinamide, Thiazides, Furosemide, Niacin, Cyclosporine

52
Q

Durgs related to Myopathy

A

Fibrates, niacin, colchicine, hydroxychloroquine, interferon α

53
Q

These drugs are associated to Osteoporosis

A

Corticosteroids, heparin

54
Q

Which medications might cause Photosensitiviy?

A

Sulfonamides, Amiodarone, Tetracyclines, 5 FU

55
Q

These drugs are related to Rash (Stevens Johnoson syndrome)

A

Anti-epileptic drugs (ethosuximide, carbamazepine, lamotrigine, phenytoin, phenobarbital)
Allopurinol
Sulfa drugs
Penicillin

56
Q

Drugs as causal agents of SLE like syndrome

A

Sulfa drugs, Hydralazine, Isoniazide, Procainamide, Phenytoin, Etanercept

57
Q

This antibiotic cam cause Teeth discoloration

A

Tetracyclines

58
Q

Which musculoeskeletal and cartilage side effect can Fluoroquinolones can cause?

A

Tendonitis, Tendon rupture, and cartilage damage

59
Q

Name drugs rekated to Cinchonism

A

Quinidine, quinine

60
Q

These drugs might cause Parkinson like syndrome

A

Antipsychotics, Reserpine, Metoclopramide

61
Q

Which drugs can cause seizures?

A 
Isoniazid (vitamin B6 deficiency)
Bupropion
Imipenem/ cilastatin
Tramadol
Enflurance
Metoclopramide
62
Q

Drugs related to Tardive dyskinesia

A

Antipsycochotics, metoclopramide

63
Q

These medications can cause Diabetes insipidus

A

Lithium, demeclocycline

64
Q

Which is the risk of expired Tetracyclines?

A

Fanconi Syndrome

65
Q

Name drugs that can cause Hemorrhagic cystitis

A

Cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide

66
Q

How do you orevent Hemorrhagic cystitis caused by Cyclophosphamide and ifosfamide?

A

Prevent by coadministeringwith mesna

67
Q

You need to be careful administering these drugs because they can cause Interstitial nephritis

A

Methicillin, NSAIDs, Furosemide

68
Q

Which drugs are related to Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone Secretion (SIADH)

A

Carbamazepine
Cyclophosphamide
SSRIs

69
Q

This drug can cause dry cough

A

ACE inhibitors

70
Q

Which drugs are related to Pulmonary fibrosis

A

Bleomycin
Amiodarone
Busulfan
Methotrexate

71
Q

Name drugs that can cause Antimuscarinic reaction

A

Atropine
TCAs
H1 blockers
Antipsychotics

72
Q

Drugs that cause Disulfiram like reaction

A 
Metronidazole
Certain cephalosporins
Griseofulvin
Porccarbazine
First generation sulfonylureas
73
Q

Which medications can cause Nephrotoxicity/ ototoxicity?

A

Aminoglycosudes
Vancomycin
Loop diuretics
Cysplastin

74
Q

These are Inducers of Cytochrome P450 interactions

A 
Chronic Alcohol
Modafinil
St John's wort
Phenytoin
Phenobarbital
Neviparine
Rifampin
Griseofulvin
Carbamazepine
75
Q

Name substrates of Cytochrome P450

A 
Anti-epileptics
Antidepressants
Antipsychotics
Anesthetics
Theophylline
Warfarin
Statins
OCPs
76
Q

Cytochrome P450 inhibitors

A 
Acute alcohol abuse
Gemfibrozil
Ciprofloxacin
Isoniazid
Grapefruit juice
Quinidine
Amiodarone
Ketoconazole
Macrolides
Sulfonamides
Cimetidine
Ritonavir
77
Q

Sulfa drugs

A

Probenecid, Furoseminde, Acetazolamide, Celecoxib, Thiazides, Sulfonamide antibiotics, Sulfasalazine, Sulfonylureas

78
Q

Symptoms of Sulfa allergies

A 
Fever
Urinary tract infection
Stevens Johnson syndrome
Hemolytic anemia
Thrombocytopenia
Agranulocytosis
Urticaria (hives)
79
Q

Which are the repercussions of Sulfa allergies?

A

Symptoms range from mild to life threatening

PHARMACOLOGY (4 decks)

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