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Emergency Pharmacology > Pharmacology Part 1 > Flashcards

Pharmacology Part 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

Foreign substances placed into the body

A

Drugs

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2
Q

Chemicals used to diagnose, treat, or prevent disease

A

Medications

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3
Q

The study of drugs and their actions on the body

A

Pharmacology

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4
Q

Most detailed name for a drug, including chemical composition and molecular structure

A

Chemical name

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5
Q

Drug name suggested by the manufacturer and confirmed by the US Adopted Name Council

A

Generic name

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6
Q

When a drug gets listed in the US Pharmacopeia (USP)

A

Official name

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7
Q

Name given to foster brand loyalty with its customers, proper name

A

Brand name

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8
Q

Enacted to improve the quality and labeling of drugs

A

The Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906

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9
Q

Limited the indiscriminate use of addicting drugs by regulating the importation, manufacture, sale, and use of opium, cocaine, and their compound or derivatives

A

Harrison Narcotic Act of 1914

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10
Q

Created five schedules of controlled substances, each with its own level of control and record keeping requirements

A

Controlled Substance Act of 1970

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11
Q

Determines the amount and purity of a given chemical in a preparation in the lab (in vitro)

A

Assay

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12
Q

Relative therapeutic effectiveness of chemically equivalent drugs

A

Bioequivalence

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13
Q

Determines bioequivalence; attempts to ascertain the drug’s availability in a biological model (in vivo)

A

Bioassay

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14
Q

Phase of human studies that determines the drug’s pharmacokinetics, toxicity, and safe dose in humans

A

Phase 1

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15
Q

Phase of human studies that find the therapeutic drug level and watch carefully for toxic and side effects; tested on a limited population of patients who have the disease it is intended to treat

A

Phase 2

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16
Q

Phase of human studies that utilizes double-blind studies; refines the therapeutic dose and collects relevant data on side effects

A

Phase 3

17
Q

Phase of human studies that involves postmarketing analysis during conditional approval

A

Phase 4

18
Q

Right: medication, dose, time, route, patient, and documentation

A

6 Rights of Med Admin

19
Q

A greater proportion of the drug will be available in the body to cause either desired or undesired effects

A

Free Drug Availability

20
Q

Addresses how drugs are transported into and out of the body; The study of the basic processes that determine the duration and intensity of a drugs effects

A

Pharmacokinetics

21
Q

Deals with drugs effects once they reach the target tissues

A

Pharmacodynamics

22
Q

The measure of the amount of a drug that is still active after it reaches its target tissue

A

Bioavailability

23
Q

Cells tightly packed together so that only non-protein-bound, highly lipid-soluable drugs can cross in the CNS

A

Blood-brain barrier

24
Q

Not a solid barrier, but prevents drugs from reaching a fetus

A

Placental barrier

25
Q

Drugs not active when administered (parent drugs)

A

Prodrugs

26
Q

Delivers medications by absorption through the gastrointestinal tracts

A

Enteral routes

27
Q

Uses needles to inject medications into the circulatory system or tissues

A

Parenteral routes

28
Q

Drugs operate by binding to these

A

Receptors

29
Q

The force of attraction between a drug and a receptor

A

Affinity

30
Q

A drug’s pharmacodynamics involves its ability to cause the expected response

A

Efficacy

31
Q

Binding of a drug or hormone to a target cell receptor causing the number of available receptors to decrease

A

Down-regulation

32
Q

When a drug or hormone can cause the formation of more receptors than normal

A

Up-regulation

33
Q

Binds to the receptors and cause it to initiate the expected response

A

Agonists

34
Q

Binds to a site but does not cause the receptor to initiate the expected response

A

Antagonists

35
Q

Partial agonist; do both agonist and antagonist responses

A

Agonists-antagonists

36
Q

Considered surmountable because a sufficiently large dose of the agonist can overcome the antagonism

A

Competitive antagonism

37
Q

Antagonism is insurmountable, no amount of agonist could overcome it

A

Noncompetitive antagonsim

38
Q

When a competitive antagonist permanently binds with a receptor site, no amount of agonist will stimulate the receptor

A

Irreversible antagonism

39
Q

A drug effect that is unique to the individual

A

Idiosyncrasy

Emergency Pharmacology (1 decks)

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