Pharmacology of the NS Flashcards

1
Q

What is pharmacology?

A

-the study of how chemical agents (drugs) can influence the function of living systems.

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2
Q

What is a drug?

A

-a chemical substance that interacts with a specific target within a biological system to produce a physiological effect

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3
Q

What are the 3 questions we should consider about drugs?

A

1) Where is the effect produced?
2) What is the target for the drug?
3) What is the response produced after interaction with this target?

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4
Q

What is the type of drug target that atorvastatin?

A

-enzyme

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5
Q

What is the type of drug target that amlodipine?

A

-ion channel

-blocks calcium channel, stopping contraction

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6
Q

What is the type of drug target that salbutamol?

A

-receptor

-in blue inhalers, dilates airways

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7
Q

What is the type of drug target that citalopram?

A

-transport protein

-prevents re-uptake of serotonin

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8
Q

To be an effective therapeutic agent, what must a drug show?

A
  • a drug must show a high degree of selectivity for a particular drug target
  • drug selectivity
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9
Q

What is a side effect and adverse effect?

A
  • a side effect is an effect produced by the drug that is secondary to the intended effect.
  • side effects can be due to off-target effects
  • or side effects can be due to effects on the same target
  • if that side effect has negative health consequences, then it is an adverse effect.
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10
Q

Tell me about the drug pramipexole.

A

-it activates the dopamine receptor
-used in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease.
(-side effects start to appear particularly if the dose increases due to the drug interacting with other targets : hallucinations, dizziness due to low blood pressure)

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11
Q

What can side effects be due to?

A

Side effects can be produced by drug action:

a) on other targets in the same tissue or other tissue
b) on the same target in other tissues
c) dependent on the dose of drug administered

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12
Q

What are the ‘safest’ drugs?

A

-those drugs where there is a large difference between the dose required to induce the desired effect and the dose required to induce side effects/adverse effects.

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13
Q

lecture slides

A

https://imperiallondon-my.sharepoint.com/personal/jmoss1_ic_ac_uk/Documents/Bioregulatory%20Systems/01.%20Neurology%20%26%20neuroscience/Student%20resources/Neuro_LE05_Pharmacology_of_the_nervous_system-2.pdf?&originalPath=aHR0cHM6Ly9pbXBlcmlhbGxvbmRvbi1teS5zaGFyZXBvaW50LmNvbS86YjovZy9wZXJzb25hbC9qbW9zczFfaWNfYWNfdWsvRWFHVlozc0hUbzFGcnZFb2xvd2s4TFFCNG55WUJ1RXJFdlprVkFOUE51b1NFZz9ydGltZT05YVlhQ3B1TTEwZw

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