Pharmacology of gastric secretion Flashcards
What are the antacid drugs?
Aluminium hydroxide + magnesium hydroxide
Calcium carbonate + magnesium carbonate
What is an alginate?
Anionic polysaccharides that form a viscous gel upon binding with water
What is the antacid + alginate medication?
Sodium alginate with sodium bicarbonate + calcium carbonate
Which receptors on parietal cells does histamine act on?
H2
What are the H2 receptor antagonists?
Famotidine
Cimetidine
What are the PPI’s?
Omeprazole
Lansoprazole
How can a single dose of PPI’s affect acid secretion for 2-3 days?
It irreversibly binds to the proton pumps, so new pumps need to be synthesised
What is a key side effect of PPI’s?
Hypomagnesaemia
List 3 complications of reflux oesophagitis.
Oesophageal ulceration
Peptic stricture
Barrett’s oesophagus
Which specific prostaglandin is vital for maintaining the gastric mucosal barrier?
Prostaglandin E2
Which enzyme do NSAIDs inhibit?
Cyclooxygenase (COX)
What type of lipids are prostaglandins and what are they derived from?
Eicosanoids
Derived from arachidonic acid
Is H. Pylori gram-positive or gram-negative?
Gram negative
How is H. Pylori able to survive in the stomach?
It secretes urease, which breaks down urea into CO2 and ammonia.
Ammonia is alkaline, so it neutralises stomach acid, allowing H. Pylori to survive
What is the treatment for H. Pylori infections?
Combination of antibiotics such as amoxicillin with clarithromycin and PPIs
