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NEUROLOGY & Psychiatry 303 > Pharmacology of drugs used in psychiatry > Flashcards

Pharmacology of drugs used in psychiatry Flashcards

1
Q

Types of antidepressants?

A

Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
Serotonin and noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs)

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2
Q

Examples of tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)?

A

Amitriptyline

Lofepramine

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3
Q

How do TCAs work?

A

Inhibit 5-HT and NA uptake = produces therapeutic effect

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4
Q

How do TCAs produce side effects?

A

Block of M1, H1, alpha1 receptors produces side effects

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5
Q

Examples of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)?

A

Fluoxetine, sertraline, citalopram

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6
Q

How do SSRIs work?

A

Inhibit 5-HT uptake

Produces therapeutic benefit - depression, OCD, panic, anxiety

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7
Q

What side effects do SSRIs produce?

A

Nausea, early increased anxiety

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8
Q

What antidepressants are well tolerated and are good first line treatments?

A

SSRIs

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9
Q

Give an example of serotonin and noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs)

A

Venlafaxine

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10
Q

How do SNRIs work?

A

Inhibit 5-HT and NA (and DA) uptake

Produces therapeutic effect and side effects (similar to SSRIs)

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11
Q

Positives of SNRIs?

A

Better tolerated than TCAs

More effective than SSRIs for severe depression

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12
Q

Give examples of anxiolytics/hypnotics

A

Benzodiazepines e.g. diazepam and lorazepam

Z drugs - zopiclone = used as hypnotics due to shorted half lives

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13
Q

Types of antipsychotics - examples?

A

Typicals/1st generation antipsychotics = haloperidol

Atypicals/2nd generation = olanzapine and risperidone

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14
Q

How do typical antipsychotics work?

A

Block D2 receptors - therapeutic effects, EPSEs

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15
Q

How do typical antipsychotics cause side effects?

A

They antagonise histamine, NA and acetylcholine receptors

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16
Q

Mood stabilisers - features of lithium?

A

Lithium:

  • Narrow therapeutic index
  • Renal and thyroid dysfunction
  • Teratogenic
  • Interact with other drugs (NSAIDs)
17
Q

Who should not take valproate (mood stabiliser)?

A

Women of child bearing potential due to teratogenicity

18
Q

Principles of drugs in psychiatry?

A 
Assess risks/benefits
Consider cost
Discussion with pt
Informed choice by pt
Repeated monitoring and re-assessment
Integration with other tx
19
Q

Non-pharmacological approaches for mental health?

A

ECT
Phototherapy
Psychological therapies -behavioural, cognitive, family, sex and relationship therapy
Social interventions: occupational therapy, finance, accommodation
Rehab - for chronic mentally ill

NEUROLOGY & Psychiatry 303 (5 decks)

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