Pharmacology of Drugs Flashcards
What classes of drugs are often used in sedation?
Benzodiazepines
Opiates
Give example of benzodiazepine
Midazolam
Give example of opiates used?
Fentanyl
Remifentanil
What other drugs can be used outside benzodiazpeines/ opiates?
Propofolol
Ketamine
How does midazolam work?
Via action on GABA receptors
What is midazolam?
Benzodiazepine
How give midazolam?
Can be given via IV for moderate sedation
What is onset, peak and duration of midazolam sedation?
Onset 1-3 minutes
Peak 5-7 minutes
Duration 20-30 minutes
What is dosage of midazolam?
Initial dose of 2.5mg given over 2 minutes
Wait 2 minutes for effects
Subsequent dose of 1mg
What is dose try not to exceed when giving midazolam?
5mg
What to be aware of if given pre-medication before midazolam?
Dose will need to be reduced by 1/3
Advantages of midazolam?
Quick onset
Minimal CV effects
Adverse effects of midazolam?
Respiratory depression
Can cause airway obstruction
How reverse midazolam?
Flumazenil
What dose of flumazenil to reverse midazolam?
200mcg every 1-2 minutes