Pharmacology Midterm Flashcards
Why is lorazepam given? What is it?
Given pre op to decrease anxiety, produce amnesia, and it is a benzodiazepine
What 2 drugs are given to neutralize gastric acidity pre op? What are their classifications?
Ranitidine and sodium citrate. H2RA and antacid
What are 2 inhaled anaesthetics?
Nitrous oxide and isoflurane
General anaesthetic used? The effects?
Propofol. l/o consciousness, SM relaxation, and depression of reflexes
Example of a local anaesthetic?
Lidocaine
Why are neuromuscular blockers used intraoperatively? What is a name of a drug in this class?
They induce paralysis. Succinylcholine
Why are gastric acid neutralizers given preoperatively?
When patients are NPO before sx, this decreases gastric pH
Metoclopramide works on what pathway and with what NT? Example of a stimulus?
Visceral stimulation, dopamine.
Over eating, pain.
Dimenhydrinate’s action
Blocks histamine.
Which pathway does dimenhydrinate work on?
Higher CNS/Vestibular. (motion)
Ondansetron’s MOA
Serotonin blocker
Scopolamine works on what pathway and with what action?
Higher CNS/Vestibular. Anticholinergic (blocks ACh)
Which drugs works on the chemoreceptor trigger zone? What does it block?
Prochlorperazine. Dopamine
onsansetron - serotonin
metoclopramide - dopamine
What is an example of an antidiarrheal drug?
Diphenoxylate w Atropine.
Diphenoxylate w Atropine’s MOA
Decreases peristalsis and increases water reabsorption
3 main classes of drugs (not Abx) given for PUD?
PPIs, H2RAs, antacids
Omeprazole is a…
PPI
Aluminum Hydroxide is a…
antacid
Why are PPIs and H2RAs used in PUD?
They decrease acidity which upsets and progresses the disease
Why is infliximab used in IBD? Classification?
It targets TNF which will decreases cytokines releases and consequentially decrease inflammation. Monoclonal Ab
What drugs work on the CTZ?
metocloprarmide, ondansetron, prochloroprazine
What NTs involved in CTZ?
Dopamine and serotonin
What drugs work viscerally?
metoclopramide and ondansetron
What NTs are released viscerally?
dopamine and serotonin
