Pharmacology histology

Question 1

What are the three types of epithelial membranes

Answer 1

– mucous membranes
– serous membranes
– cutaneous membrane
– synovial membranes

Question 2

Describe the serous membrane

Answer 2

• Line closed body cavities, secrete a watery serous fluid
• Simple squamous (generally),resting on thin layer connective tissue
• Parietal layer attaches to the body wall around the organ
• Visceral layer attaches to the organs themselves

Question 3

describe the mucous membrane

Answer 3

Line cavities open to outside
* Mucous cells / glands lumen of digestive(microvilli), reproductive,
respiratory tracts (ciliated)
* Epithelial cells vary in morphology & function

Question 4

describe the cutaneous epithelium

Answer 4

Cutaneous membrane is the skin, covering the outer surface of the body
– Keratinised squamous epithelium

Question 5

describe the synovial membrane

Answer 5

Synovial membranes line cavities of freely movable joints,
– Incomplete epithelium
– Contain connective tissues

Question 6

what is glandular epithelium

Answer 6

Aggregates of epithelial cells clustered together to perform specific
secretory or excretory function

Question 7

what do glands secrete

Answer 7

– Hormones
– Enzymes
– Milk
– Sweat
– Mucous
– Oil

Question 8

whats the difference between exocrine and endocrine glands

Answer 8

• EXOCRINE
  – Pour products into ducts that open into lumen of organ or
  onto the skin
• ENDOCRINE
  – Have no duct system – ductless glands – secrete into empty
  tissues spaces – eventually enter blood stream

Question 9

whats the difference between simple and compound excorine glands

Answer 9

simple- single tube
compound -more then one tube

Question 10

what are the different forms of secretory portion of glands

Answer 10

tubular - diameter of gland and secretory portion is the same
acinar secretory portion forms a sac like shapem

Question 11

what are the different forms of secretion

Answer 11

merocrine
HOLOCRINE
APOCRINE

Question 12

describe merocrine form of secretion

Answer 12

– e.g. salivary gland - secretion passes from cells without
damage to plasma membrane – exocytosis
– Most glands secrete in this way

Question 13

describe holocrine

Answer 13

holocrine cells accumulate secretory product and entire cell ruptures to release product .The ruptured cells are replaced by other epithelial cells through cell division

Question 14

describe apocrine

Answer 14

apical end pinched to release secretory product
example mammary and sweat gland